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Abnormal Psychology
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Abnormal behavior | is a psychological dysfunction that is associated with distress or impairment in functioning and a response that is not typical or culturally expected. |
Psychological dysfunction | refers to a breakdown in cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning |
Prototype | when most or all symptoms that experts would agree are part of the disorder are present |
Psychopathology | the scientific study of psychological disorders. |
Clinical Psychologist and Counseling psychologist | receive the Ph.D., doctor of philosophy, degree and follow a course of graduate-level study, which prepares them to conduct research into the causes and treatment of psychological disorders and to diagnose, assess, and treat these disorders. |
Psychiatrists | first earn an M.D. degree in medical school and then specialize in psychiatry during residency training that lasts 3 to 4 years |
Psychiatric social workers | typically earn a master’s degree in social work as they develop expertise in collecting information relevant to the social and family situation of the individual with a psychological disorder. |
Psychiatric nurses | have advanced degrees and specialize in the care and treatment of patients with psychological disorders, usually in hospitals as part of a team. |
Marriage and family therapists and mental health counselors | typically spend 1 to 2 years earning a master’s degree and are employed to provide clinical services by hospitals or clinics. |
Scientist practitioners | take a scientific approach to their clinical work |
Clinical description | the unique combination of behaviors, thoughts, and feelings that make up a specific disorder. |
Prevalence | how many people in the population as a whole have the disorder |
incidence | Statistics on how many new cases occur during a given period, such as a year |
Sex ratio | what percentage of males and females has the disorder |
Course | most disorders follow a particular pattern |
Chronic course | tend to last a long time. |
Episodic course | individual is likely to recover within a few months only to suffer a recurrence of the disorder. |
Time limited course | will improve without treatment in a relatively short period with little or no risk of recurrence. |
Acute onset | begin suddenly |
Insidious onset | develop gradually over an extended period |
Prognosis | The anticipated course of a disorder |
Developmental psychopathology | changes in behavior over time |
Life span developmental psychopathology | Study of abnormal behavior across the entire age span |
Etiology | why a disorder begins and includes biological, psychological, and social dimensions. |