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MED149 Med Ethics
Ch 2 Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| autonomy (self-determination) | The capacity to be one's own person and make one's own decisions without being manipulated by external forces. |
| beneficence | Refers to the acts health care practitioners perform to help people stay healthy or recover from an illness. |
| categorical imperative | A rule that is considered universal law binding on everyone and requiring action.. |
| confidentiality | The act of holding information in confidence, not to be released to unauthorized individuals. |
| deontological or duty-oriented theory | Decision-making theory that states that the rightness or wrongness of the act depends on its intrinsic nature and not the outcome of the act. |
| fidelity | Being faithful to the scope of practice for your profession, as in role fidelity. |
| health disparity | Striving for the highest possible standard for all people and giving special attention to the needs of those with the greatest risk of poor health, based on social conditions. |
| health equity | A particular type of health difference that is closely linked with economic, social, or environmental disadvantage. |
| justice | What is due an individual. |
| needs-based motivation | Human behavior is based on specific human needs that must often be met in a specific order. Abraham Maslow is the best-known psychologist for this theory. |
| nonmaleficence | As paraphrased from the Hippocratic oath, means the duty to “do no harm.” |
| principle of utility | Requires that the rule used to make a decision bring about positive results when generalized to a wide variety of situations. |
| social determinants of health | Living conditions that affect health, such as shelter, food, income, education, a stable environment, sustainable resources, social justice and equity. |
| teleological or consequence-oriented theory | Consequence-oriented or teleological theories judge the rightness of a decision based on the outcome or predicted outcome of the decision |
| utilitarianism | A person makes value decisions based on results or a rule that will produce the greatest balance of good over evil, everyone considered. |
| veracity | Truth telling. |
| virtue ethics | Focuses on the traits, characteristics, and virtues that a moral person should have. |
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