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TSHPS PandP
TSHPS People and Perspectives in the History of Psychology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Wilhelm Wundt | Founder of Modern Psychology. Wanted to understand human consciousness. Established first psychology laboratory at the University of Leipzig. Ran first psychology experiment which showed that process happened within the human mind. |
| Introspection | People describe conscious experiences step by step. |
| Edward Titchener | Founder of structuralism. |
| Structuralism | The structure of conscious experience could be understood by analyzing the basic elements of thoughts and sensations. Was not a reliable school of thought and died out quickly. |
| Charles Darwin | Developed the theory of Natural Selection. Survival of the fittest. |
| William James | First American Psychologist. Developed the idea of Functionalism drawing off of Charles Darwin's ideas. Wrote first psychology textbook. |
| Functionalism | Functions of consciousness or the ways consciousness helps people adapt to their environment. |
| Gestalt Psychology | Perspective that emphasized our tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes. The whole is different from the sum of its parts. |
| Dorothea Dix | Championed causes for mentally ill and indigenous peoples. Helped reform the inhumane treatment of these peoples in prisons and asylums. |
| G. Stanley Hall | Graduate of Wundt. Had first American psychology Ph. D. Had first US psychology laboratory. First president of APA. Studied and coined the term adolescence. |
| Mary Whiton Calkins | First woman to complete the work for a Ph.D but was not granted one by Harvard University. 1st Psychology Lab at Wellesley College. First female president of APA. |
| Margaret Floy Washburn | 1st Female Psychology Ph. D. Graduate of Tichtener. |
| Francis Cecil Sumner | 1st Black Male Psychology Ph. D. Focus was "race psychology" and how to understand and eliminate racial bias in the administration of justice. |
| Inez Beverly Prosser | 1st Black Woman Psych Ph. D. Work was important on Brown V. Board |
| Kenneth Clark and Mamie Phipps Clark | Presented in Brown V. Board. Did landmark research with white and black dolls that exposed internalized racism and the negative effects of segregation. |
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