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Chapter 8

TermDefinition
solid closely packed particles cause matter to have a definite shape and definite volume.
crystalline solid particles form a regular repeating pattern called crystals. Example: salt, sugar, and snow.
amorphous solid particles not arranged in a repeating pattern. Example: Glass, plastic, and rubber.
liquid particles are free to move so a liquid has a definite volume but no definite shape.
surface tension An inward force, or pull among the molecules in a liquid that brings the molecules on the surface closer together.
viscosity A liquids’s resistance to flowing. Example: Honey has a high viscosity.
gas particles are able to move and spread out filling all space available, thus gases has no definite shape or definite volume.
Pressure: gas particles constantly collide with one another and the walls of their container. Pressure is the outward push divided by the area of the walls of the container. Pressure= Force/Area.
Temperature the higher the temperature the faster particles moving.
Melting: When a solid changes to a liquid
Melting point: the temperature at which a substance melts
Condensation: When a gas changes to a liquid.
Sublimation: When a substance changes straight from a solid to a gas.
Freezing point: the temperature when a substance freezes.
Freezing: When a liquid changes to a solid
Boiling: When vaporization occurs both below the and at the surface.
Evaporation: takes place only on the surface of the liquid.
Charles’s Law: When the temperature of a gas at a constant pressure is increased the volume is increased, if the temperature is decreased then the volume is decreased.
Boyles Law: When the pressure of a gas at a constant temperature is increased the volume is decreases, if the temperature is decreased then the volume is increases.
Directly proportional: as one amount increases, another amount increases at the same rate.
Inversely proportional: When the value of one variable increases, the other decreases.
Freezing When a liquid changes to a solid
Freezing point the temperature when a substance freezes.
Created by: user-1769813
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