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weather
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| map | a diagrammatic representation of an area of land or sea showing physical features, cities, roads, etc. |
| globe | the earth. |
| latitude | the angular distance of a place north or south of the earth's equator, |
| longitude | the angular distance of a place east or west of the meridian |
| hemisphere | One half of a sphere, formed by a plane that passes through the center of the sphere. |
| weather | the state of the atmosphere at a place and time as regards heat, dryness, sunshine, wind, rain, etc. |
| climate | the weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period. |
| clouds | a visible mass of particles of condensed vapor (such as water or ice) suspended in the atmosphere of a planet |
| condensation | water which collects as droplets on a cold surface when humid air is in contact with it. |
| cirrus clouds | high feathery clouds |
| Hygrometer | a tool used to measure the amount of water vapor in the air |
| cumulus clouds | cloud forming rounded masses heaped on each other above a flat base at fairly low altitude. |
| stratus clouds | low-level layers with a fairly uniform grey or white colour. |
| cumulonimbus | menacing looking multi-level clouds, extending high into the sky in towers or plumes. |
| nimbo/nimbus | precipitation |
| rain | moisture condensed from the atmosphere that falls visibly in separate drops. |
| freezing rain | rain that freezes on impact with the ground or solid objects. |
| sleet | a form of precipitation consisting of ice pellets, often mixed with rain or snow. |
| hail | pellets of frozen rain which fall in showers from cumulonimbus clouds |
| Rain gauge | a device for collecting and measuring the amount of rain which falls. |
| anonometer | an instrument for measuring the speed of the wind, or of any current of gas. |
| wind vane | an instrument that measures the direction from which the wind is blowing. |
| global wind | winds that develop in belts distributed all around the world |
| prevailing westerlies | prevailing winds from the west toward the east in the middle latitudes |
| trade winds | a wind blowing steadily towards the equator from the northeast in the northern hemisphere or the southeast in the southern hemisphere, especially at sea. |
| polar westerlies | strongest in the winter, when pressure over the pole is low, and weakest in summer, when the polar high creates stronger polar easterlies. |
| land breeze | a local wind that blows from land to sea |
| sea breeze | a local wind that blows from the land to the sea |
| jet stream | a narrow variable band of very strong predominantly westerly air currents encircling the globe several miles above the earth. There are typically two or three jet streams in each of the northern and southern hemispheres. |
| air pressure | the weight of air |
| barometer | a weather instrument that measures air pressure |
| high pressure | -clear skies -fair weather -dry weather |
| low pressure | -cloudy skies -foul weather -rainy/storms |
| atmospere | The envelope of gasses surrounding the earth |
| evaporation | the process of changing from a liquid to a gas |
| air mass | a large “bubble” of air that has about the same temperature and humidity throughout it |
| La nina/ El nino | unusual warming or cooling of the seawater in the Pacific Ocean |
| tempature | the average speed of the particles in a substance |
| humidity | Humidity: water vapor in the air |
| thermometer | a tool that measures temperature |
| front | a place where one air mass meets and pushes aside another air mass |
| hurricane | a very large and violent tropical storm |
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