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Chapter 8
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Solid | closely packed particles cause matter to have a definite shape and definite volume |
Liquid | particles are free to move so a liquid has a definite volume but no definite shape |
Gas | particles are able to move and spread out filling all space available, thus gases have no definite shape or definite volume |
Pressure | gas particles constantly collide with one another and the walls of their container. Pressure is the outward push divided by the area of the walls of the container. Pressure= Force/Area. |
Temperature | the higher the temperature the faster particles moving. |
Melting | When a solid changes to a liquid |
Melting point | the temperature at which a substance melts |
Freezing | When a liquid changes to a solid |
Freezing point | the temperature when a substance freezes |
Vaporization | When a liquid changes to a gas |
Condensation | When a gas changes to a liquid. |
Sublimation | When a substance changes straight from a solid to a gas. |
Evaporation | takes place only on the surface of the liquid. |
Boiling | When vaporization occurs both below the and at the surface. |
Boiling Point | Temperature at which a liquid boils. |
Crystalline solids | particles form a regular repeating pattern called crystals. Example: salt, sugar, and snow. |
Amorphous solids | particles not arranged in a repeating pattern. Example: Glass, plastic, and rubber. |
Surface Tension | An inward force, or pull among the molecules in a liquid that brings the molecules on the surface closer together. |
Viscosity | A liquid's resistance to flowing. Example: Honey has a high viscosity. |
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