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Study Guide 40
Caring for People with Mental Illness
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a common reason for individuals to abuse drugs and alcohol? | As a coping mechanism in order to help them feel better or not stress so much |
| Clinical depression? What are the signs, symptoms? | when depression is severe and persistent / will have a loss of interest in activities that they usually find fulfilling |
| Psychiatrist? Psychologist? | Psychiatrist (MD)- a medical doctor trained in diagnosing and treating mental illness (allowed to prescribe medications) Psychologist (PhD) - has an education and training that allows counseling services to help people with mental illness (no meds) |
| Obsessive Compulsive disorder? What are the signs and symptoms? | causes a person to suffer intensively from recurrent unwanted thoughts (obsessions) which are usually associated with rituals that the person cannot control (compulsions) |
| When interacting with a patient that has schizophrenia with delusions how would you engage with the patient? | Understand what they experience is real to them, listen to what they are saying, watch their facial expressions+body lang., respond to the mood or feelings that person is conveying, ask nurse if you have difficulty understanding |
| Coping mechanism? What are some positive coping mechanisms? | Coping mechanisms are conscious and deliberate ways of dealing with stress (exercise, prayer, mediation, socializing, engaging in a hobby) |
| Schizophrenia patients have difficulty with what? How would you handle a patient with schizophrenia? | difficulty determining what is real and what is imaginary (delusions + hallucinations) - be careful, remind them they are safe, understand what they are going through |
| When a patient makes comments about wondering is they would be missed if the disappeared tomorrow, how would you respond/handle this? | Listen to them, support them, report this to the nurse immediately using their exact words and avoiding adding any opinions or judgments |
| Projection? | blaming someone for your own uncomfortable or unacceptable actions or feelings (she broke my lamp when really she didn't) |
| Compensation? | to make up for a loss by "filling in" or "substituting" for something else (substituting food for affection) |
| Conversion? | changing one thing into another (a person who is depressed (an emotional problem) may develop a stomach ache (a physical problem) |
| Denial? | refusing to believe something that is true (a person diagnosed with a terminal illness may truly believe the doctor made the wrong diagnosis) |
| Displacement? | shifting an emotion from one person to another who is less threatening (from daughter to care team) |
| Rationalization? | making excuses or creating acceptable reasons for poor behaviors or actions (student fails test because "the teacher sucks") |
| What treatments are available for mental illness regarding emotional balance? | counseling (new coping mechanisms), therapy, sometimes medication |
| Bipolar disorder? | a mental disorder that causes mood swings (from excessive happiness -mania- to excessive sadness and hopelessness -depression- |
| What factors can lead to development of clinical depression? | chemical imbalances in the brain, low esteem and poor coping skills, hormonal changes, medications |
| Repression? | the refusal to remember or think about a frightening or painful memory |
| Mental illness? | a disorder that affects a person's mind causing the person to act in unusual ways/ experience emotional difficulties |
| Anxiety? What are the symptoms? | Anxiety - feeling of uneasiness, dread, apprehension, or worry (sleeplessness, restlessness, fatigue, changes in appetite, increased heart rate and blood pressure, irritability, difficulty thinking clearly) |
| Anxiety: agoraphobia? | the fear of having a panic attack in a place from which there is no easy escape, and where help is not available |
| Bullimia Nervosa? | person eats huge amounts of food (binging) and then induces vomiting or uses laxatives to rid the body of the food before it is digested (purging) |
| PTSD? What are the symptoms? | occurs after a person experiences an overwhelmingly traumatic event / can cause flashbacks (vivd memories, nightmares, depression) |
| What are some treatments for mental illness? What are the different causes? | A mentally ill person may need medication, counseling, or support groups to help regain emotional balance / caused by inheritance, chemical imbalances in the chemicals called neurotransmitters, environment |
| What physical complications can stress cause? | Cardiovascular problems (heart attack) and Digestive disorders (ulcers) |
| What are signs of excessive stress? | The person may cry, sleep excessively or be unable to sleep, have difficulty concentrating, feel depressed for a time |
| Defense mechanisms? What do they do? | Methods of dealing with stress that "just happen" without the person normally being aware of them (help to protect from emotionally traumatic events) |
| Regression? | to turn back to a former or earlier state (an older child who is hospitalized begins to suck their thumb) |
| Most common mental illnesses? | anxiety disorders, mood disorders, schizophrenia, eating disorders, substance abuse disorders and addictions |
| Anxiety: panic disorder? | a person with a panic disorder has terrifying episodes or "panic attacks" during which they experience extreme anxiety and feelings of intense fear (rapid heart rate, chest or abdominal pain, shortness of breath, dizziness) |
| Phobia? Simple phobias vs social phobias? | phobia = an excessive abnormal fear of an object or situation simple (a specific thing like cats) vs. social (fear of being humiliated or embarrassed in front of other people) |
| Treatment facilities for the mentally ill? | some facilities provide long term care for m.i. people, other facilities specialize in acute care services+care to person experiencing mental crisis, after phase is passed person might be able to go home/receive treatment on an outpatient basis |
| What does outpatient mental health clinics offer? | they see people on a regular basis and offer counseling, medication, and support groups / may even help the person obtain education, job training, or employment |
| Who is particularly at risk for developing mental illness? | elderly people |
| What are some negative coping mechanism? | nail biting, pacing, overeating or not eating enough, smoking, abusing drugs or alcohol, self-harm |
| What are some of the most common mental illnesses? | Mood disorders, Anxiety, Schizophrenia, Substance abuse disorders and addiction, Eating disorders |
| Mood disorders? | affect how a person feels emotionally |
| What is the difference between delusions and hallucinations? | delusion = false ideas hallucinations = senses (hearing, smelling, feeling, tasting, seeing) |
| What are some characteristics that people with schizophrenia normally exhibit? | speech may become distorted, may switch topics during a conversation, make up new words or patterns of speech, and may say or do very strange things |
| Addiction? Withdrawal? | Physical need for substance that results in withdrawal signs and symptoms when quit taking the substance Emotional and physical reaction that occurs when use is discontinues |
| Anorexia Nervosa? | anorexia (loss of appetite) is a key feature of this disorder |
| Binge-Eating? | A person who binge-eats will eat large amounts of food without purging / the need to continue eating is excessive / the person will become obese |
| How do you interact with a person when they are having a panic attack? | Keep voice low+calm, ask the person to take deep breaths, encourage them to focus on you, reassure the person they're safe and that you will help them |
Created by:
25smlyford
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