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Chabner12-Ch09Vocab

Chabner, Language of Medicine 12th Ed, Chapter 09 Vocabulary

TermDefinition
androgen Male hormone secreted by the testes; responsible for developing and maintaining male secondary sex characteristics.
aspermia Failure to produce semen
azoospermia Lack of sperm in the semen
balanitis Inflammation of the glans penis
benign prostatic hyperplasia [BPH] -- Prostatic enlargement (nonmalignant)
bulbourethral glands [Cowper glands] -- Pair of exocrine glands near the male urethra. They secrete fluid into the urethra.
castration Removal of the sex glands (gonads). Ovaries or testes.
chancre Genital ulcer commonly formed during the primary stage of syphilis in males and females.
chlamydia Bacterial infection of the urethra and reproductive tract in men and women.
circumcision Rermoval of the prepuce (foreskin). It is a common "elective" procedure performed shortly after birth.
cryogenic surgery Use of extremely cold temperatures to freeze or destroy tissue.
cryptorchidism One or both testes faul to descend into the scrotal sac near the time of birth.
digital rectal exam Finger palpation through the anus and rectum to examine the prostate gland.
ejaculation Ejection of sperm and fluid from the male urethra.
ejaculatory duct Tube through which semen enters the male urethra.
embryonal carcinoma Type of testicular cancer.
epididymis [plural: epididymides] -- One of a pair of long, tightly coiled tubes above each testis. It stores and carries sperm from sminiferous tubules to the vas deferens
epididymitis Inflammation of the epididymis
erectile dysfunction Inability of an adult male to achieve an erection. a.k.a. impotence.
flagellum Hair-like projection on a sperm cell that makes it motile.
fraternal twins Two infants resulting from fertilization of two separate ova by two separate sperm cells.
glans penis Sensitive tip of the penis.
gonorrhea sexually transmitted infection (STI) involving inflammation of genital tract mucosa, caused by infection with gonococci.
herpes genitalis Sexually transmitted infection of the skin and genital mucosa, caused by herpes simplex virus. Marked by blisters.
human papillomavirus [HPV] -- Infection of the skin and mucous membranes in the anogenital region by the human papillomavirus.
hydrocele Hernia (clear sac of watery fluid) within the scrotum.
hypospadias Congenital anomaly in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside of the penis.
identical twins Two infants resulting from division of a single fertilized egg.
impotence Inability of an adult male to achieve an erection. a.k.a. erectile dysfunction
infertility In a male, any problem that lowers the chances of his female partner getting pregnant.
interstitial cells of the testes [Leydig cells] -- Specialized cells that lie adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testes.
ligation Tying off a tube or blood vessel.
oligospermia Scanty sperm count.
orchiectomy Removal of a testis
orchiopexy Surgical fixation of an undescended testis into the scrotum. (procedure to fix cryptorchidism)
orchitis Inflammation of a testis.
parenchymal tissue Essential distinctive cells of an organ. In the testis, the seminiferous tubules are parenchymal.
penile Pertaining to the penis.
penis Male external organ of reproduction.
penoscrotal Pertaining to the penis and scrotum.
perineum Females: area between the anus and the vagina. Males: region between anus and scrotum.
Peyronie disease Abnormal curvature of the penis.
phimosis Narrowing of the opening of the foreskin over the glans penis.
photoselective vaporization of the prostate Removal of tissue to treat bening prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using a green light laser.
prepuce Foreskin. Fold of skin covering the tip of the penis.
prostate cancer Malignant tumour of the prostate gland.
prostate gland Exocrine gland at the base of the male urinary bladder. Secretes fluid that contributes to semen during ejaculation.
prostatectomy Removal of the prostate gland.
prostatitis Inflammation of the prostate gland.
purulent Pus-filled; forming or containing pus.
scrotum External sac that contains the testes.
semen Spermatozoa (sperm cells) and seminal fluid (prostatic and seminal vesicle secretions) discharged from urethra during ejaculation.
semen analysis Microscopic examination of ejaculated fluid.
seminal vesicles Paired sac-like exocrine glands that secrete fluid (a major component of semen) into the vas deferens.
seminiferous tubules Narrow, coiled tubules that produce sperm in the testes.
seminoma Malignant tumour of a testis
spermatogenesis Formation of sperm cells
spermatozoa [plural] -- Sperm cells
spermatozoon [singular] -- Single sperm cell
spermolytic Pertaining to the destruction of sperm cells.
sterilization Procedure that removes a person's ability to produce or release reproductive cells. Includes removal of testicles, vasectomy, and oophorectomy.
stromal tissue [stroma] -- Supportive, connective tissue of an organ, as distinguished from its parenchyma.
syphilis Sexually transmitted infection caused by bacteria (spirochetes). A chancre (ulcer) on the genitalia is a characteristic lesion.
teratoma Malignant tumour of a testis or ovary. Composed of embyonic cells that develop into different types of tissue.
testicular Pertaining to a testis or testicle.
testicular cancer Malignant tumour of the testicles.
testicular torsion Twisting of the spermatic cord and blood vessels of the testes.
testis [plural: testes] -- Male gonad (testicle) that produces spermatozoa and testosterone.
testoterone Hormone secreted by the interstitial tissue of the testes. Responsible for male sex characteristics.
transurethral resection of the prostate [TURP] -- Removal of portions of prostate gland through the urethra.
varicocele Enlarged, dilated veins near the testicle.
vas deferens [ductus deferens] -- Narrow tube (one on each side) carrying sperm from the epididymis toward the urethra.
vasectomy Bilateral surgical removal of part of the vas deferens. Male sterilization.
vasovasostomy Rejoining the cut ends of the vas deferens to restore male fertility. (reversal of a vasectomy)
Created by: anotherstudent
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