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PSY 111 Exam 1

PSY 111 Exam 1-Miami University

QuestionAnswer
Sigmund Freud Psychoanalysis: understanding the unconscious mind was absolutely critical to understand conscious behavior
Gestalt Psychology a psychological approach that emphasizes that we often perceive the whole rather than the sum of the parts; takes a holistic view of an individual and his experiences. ~Wertheimer, Koffka, and Köhler
Behaviorism the science of behavior that focuses on observable behavior only ~John Watson Operant Conditioning: a type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher ~B.F. Skinner
Humanism An intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievements ~Maslow & Rogers
Subdivisions of Psychology -Biological Psychology (animal behavior/neuroscience) -Developmental Psychology (Infancy, Adolescence, Lifespan) -Cognitive Psychology -Social Psychology -Industrial/Organizational Psychology -Clinical Psychology
parts of the nervous system central nervous system(brain & spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system(somatic & autonomic)
imaging techniques PET, CT, MRI, FMRI, EEG images used to see/show inside the body, brain activity, soft tissue
endocrine system Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrient use (metabolism) by body cells.
parts of the endocrine system and function pituitary, thyroid, adrenal,pancreas, gonads(ovaries/testes)
Wilhelm Wundt -Structuralism: our cognitive experience was best understood by breaking that experience into its component parts. -introspection: A method of self-observation in which participants report their thoughts and feelings
William James Functionalism: understanding how our mental activities help us survive and thrive in the world.
Genes sequences of DNA that code for a particular trait
Alleles Different versions of a gene
What are the two types of cells that make up the nervous system? Explain both. 1. glia: cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons 2. neurons: nerve cells
How is the Neuron built like/what parts make it up? cell body, dendrites, axon
neuronal communication includes electrical signal (action potential) along the axon and chemical transmission via neurotransmitter release at the synapse
psychological disorders involve imbalances in... a given neurotransmitter system. Therefore, psychotropic drugs are prescribed in an attempt to bring the neurotransmitters back into balance.
what are psychotropic drugs? What can they act as? -Medications that control, or at least moderate, the manifestations of some mental disorders. -Drugs can act either as agonists or as antagonists for a given neurotransmitter system.
Agonist drug that mimics or strengthens the effects of a neurotransmitter
Antagonist drug that blocks or impedes the normal activity of a given neurotransmitter
Different lobes of the brain frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital
Parts of the brain & function of each/what they contain hindbrain, midbrain, forebrain
somatic nervous system transmits sensory and motor signals to and from the central nervous system.
What is the autonomic nervous system? What can it be divided into? The autonomic nervous system controls the function of our organs and glands, and can be divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
What's Sympathetic activation prepares us for fight or flight, while parasympathetic activation is associated with normal functioning under relaxed conditions.
Frontal lobe speaking, muscle movements, plans & judgements
temporal lobe auditory areas
Parietal Lobes includes sensory input (touch, pressure, heat, cold, and pain)
Occipital Lobes visual areas, receives visual information from the opposite fields
Forebrain is made up of cerebrum, thalamus and hypothalamus
Hind brain is made up of pons, cerebellum and medulla.
The midbrain is located between the thalamus of the forebrain and pons of the hindbrain
Created by: user-1742805
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