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Ecosystems
Term | Definition |
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Biotic | A living thing, as an animal or a plant, that influences or affects an ecosystem |
Abiotic | A nonliving condition or thing, such as climate or habitat, that influences or affects an ecosystem and the organisms in it. |
Ecosystem | a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment. |
Habitat | the natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism. |
Organism | an individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form. |
Population | All of one type of organism in an area |
Community | All of the populations in one area |
Biosphere | The part of the earth that contains all of the ecosystems |
Producer | an individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form. |
Consumer | Living things that have to hunt, gather and eat their food |
Decomposer | Decomposers feed on the remains of other animals. |
Herbivore | an organism that mostly feeds on plants.. |
Carnivore | an organism that regularly consumes a variety of material, including plants, animals, algae, and fungi. |
Omnivore | An animal that gets its energy from both producers(plants) and consumers. |
Scavenger | animals that consume dead organisms that have died from causes other than predation or have been killed by other predators |
Niche | the role an organism plays in a community |
Prey | An animal hunted or seized for food, especially by a carnivorous animal. |
Predator | Any organism that exists by preying on other organisms |
Desert | dry climate sub-type in which there is a severe excess of evaporation over precipitation. |
Rain Forest | a hot, moist biome where it rains all year long. |
Grassland | generally open and continuous, fairly flat areas of grass. |
Deciduous Forest | trees that lose their leaves at the end of each growing season. |
Biome | A community of plants and animals on a larger scale |
Terrestrial Ecosystems | a land-based community of organisms and the interactions of biotic and abiotic components in a given area. |
Aquatic | relating to water. |
Aquatic Ecosystem | oceans, lakes, rivers, streams, estuaries, and wetlands |
Freshwater | water containing less than 1,000 milligrams per liter of dissolved solids, most often salt. |
Pond | a small body of still water formed naturally or by hollowing or embanking. |
Lake | a large body of water surrounded by land. |
River/Stream | The word stream is often used interchangeably with river, though rivers usually describe larger streams. |
Saltwater Ecosystem | consisting of or containing salt water |
Ocean | 97% of Earth's water, spans 70.8% of Earth's surface, |
Saltmarsh | coastal wetlands that are flooded and drained by salt water brought in by the tides |
Estuary | the tidal mouth of a large river, where the tide meets the stream. |
Food Chain | series of organisms each dependent on the next as a source of food. |
Primary Consumer | animals that eat plants. |
Secondary Consumer | The organisms that eat the primary consumers |
Tertiary Consumer | The organisms that eat the secondary consumers |
Trophic Levels | ranges from a value of 1 for primary producers to 5 for marine mammals and humans. |
Autotroph | an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide. |
Heterotroph | an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances. |
Food Webs | A food web consists of all the food chains in a single ecosystem. |
Energy Pyramid | a graphical representation of the energy found within the Trophic levels of an ecosystem. |
Competition | the direct or indirect interaction of organisms that leads to a change in fitness when the organisms share the same resource. |
Natural Resources | Natural resources are materials from the Earth that are used to support life and meet people's needs. |
Brackish | Slightly salty, as is the mixture of river water and seawater in estuaries. |