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8th Grade Science
Natural Selection End of Unit Assessment
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hummingbirds can have different beak lengths. If a hummingbird can’t easily reach its food, it will die. If their environment changes to have only long flowers, which of the following hummingbird populations will most likely survive? | Any populations with long beaks will survive. |
| Ducks with thicker feathers can make the ducks overheat and die in warm water. After many generations, there were many more ducks with a thin feather layer and fewer ducks in the population with a thick feather layer. How did the environment change? | The water became warm. |
| Ducks with thicker feathers can make the ducks overheat and die in warm water. After many generations, there were many more ducks with a thin feather layer and fewer ducks in the population with a thick feather layer. How did the population change? | With each generation, more ducks with thin feathers survived long enough to pass on the gene for thin feathers to their offspring. |
| A snake can be born with red, yellow, or green skin. The snakes that are the same color as their environment are harder for the eagles to see and catch. After many generations what might the population look like in an environment with mostly green now? | Since the environment is mostly green, the population would now include green snakes to survive. |
| What caused the yellow or red snake population to change to green? | Two yellow or red snakes had a baby with a mutation in its genes for the green-skin trait. Because green snakes are more likely to survive, that baby survived long enough to pass on its mutation, so the green trait became more common over generations. |
| Thicker blubber seals stay warm and survive in cold ocean waters. But, in warm ocean waters, thicker blubber can make the seals overheat and die. If their environment changes to have warm water, which seal populations will most likely survive? | Only populations that include thin blubber seals would survive in warm ocean water. |
| Guppies with spots that are the same size as the rocks on the river bottom are harder for bigger fish to see and catch. If there are now more smaller spot guppies, how did the environment change? | The river rocks present were now smaller than in past generations. |
| Guppies with spots that are the same size as the rocks on the river bottom are harder for bigger fish to see and catch. If there are now more smaller spot guppies, how did the population change? | With each generation, more guppies with small spots survived long enough to pass on the gene for small spots to their offspring. |
| Foxes that have fur the same color as their environment are better at getting closer to squirrels and catching them. The environment changed so it is now very snowy. What would the population look like after many generations? What caused it to change? | Two brown or gray foxes had a baby with a mutation in its genes for the white-fur trait. Because white foxes are more likely to survive, that baby survived long enough to pass on its mutation, so the white-fur trait became more common over generations. |
| Lizards with shorter legs are better at climbing trees than longer legged lizards so they are better at escaping from the floods. If their environment changes so that there are many floods each year, which lizard populations will most likely survive? | Only lizard populations that include short legged lizards would survive the floods. |
| Squirrels that have fur that is the same color as the trees are harder for the foxes to see and catch. After many generations, there were many more black squirrels. How did the environment change? How did the population change? | There were more black trees. With each generation, more squirrels with black fur survived long enough to pass on the gene for black fur to their offspring. |
| A population of thick and medium beaked blue jays lives in an environment that has always had seeds with hard shells. Could there ever have been blue jays with thin beaks in this population? | A blue jay could have been born with a mutation in its genes for the thin-beak trait and lived for a little while, but it would have been more likely to die before it had offspring. |
| Foxes that have fur the same color as their environment are better at getting close to squirrels and catching them. If their environment changes to have only brown dirt, which fox populations will most likely survive? | Only populations that include foxes with brown fur will likely survive. |
| A seal population had the same number of seals with thin and thick blubber. After many generations, there were many more seals with thick blubber and fewer seals with thin blubber. How did the environment change? How did the population change? | The water became colder. With each generation, more seals with thick blubber survived long enough to pass on the gene for thick blubber to their offspring. |
| The population of medium and thick feathered ducks lives in an environment that has always had very cold water. Could there ever have been ducks with thin feathers in this population? | Yes, a duck could have been born with a mutation in its genes for the thin-feather trait and lived for a little while, but it would have been more likely to die before it had offspring. |
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kbieber2023
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