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IT law
L2
Question | Answer |
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Definition of state | It is a legal system settled on a territory by a population to satisfy its genera interests as defence, justice, economic relations... |
Pluralism of legal system | The existence of a single political power binds together the participants in a given legal system |
Characteristics of a state: | Territory, Sovereignty and people |
Sovereignty | A state exercises its monopoly of force over a defined territory |
Territory: | Dry land, water included within the confines, continental shelf |
People: | - Population: sum of individuals in a territory - Nation: common traditions, history and culture - Voters: people with rights to vote and decide for the state |
Internet: | - Difficulty to access - Crisis of the concept of citizenship - Diffulty to identify a jurisdiction |
Feudal state: | - Feudal lord - Organisation: Private agreements - Scope: defend the land |
Liberal state: | - separation between state and society - rights - separation of powers - national sovereignty |
Democratic state: | - multi-class society - mass parties - second generation rights |
Forms of government: | Rules about the distribution of power: Parliamentary executive, Presidential executive, Semi-presidential and directoral |
Government classification: | - whether if the head of a state is the head of its government - incumbents are popularly elected or not - incumbents serve for a fixed term |
Electoral systems: | - shape democratic governments - express citizens political representation |
Characteristics of electoral systems: | - Direct democracy: voting directly to policy decisions (referendum, initiatives and recall) - Participatory democracy: only fewcitizens decide the future of a state after being elected by the others |
Role of technology: | Pro: new possibilities to vote, social media, digital signature Contro: Cybersecurity, theft of identity and inability to access. |