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MED104 CH7

Vocab

TermDefinition
aden/o gland
adren/o adrenal/o adrenal gland (kidney)
cortic/o outer surface (cortex)
gonad/o gonads (sex organs)
pancreat/o pancreas
pituitar/o hypophys/o pituitary gland
thym/o thymus
thyr/o thyroid/o thyroid
gluc/o glucos/o glyc/o sugar
crin/o to secrete
hormon/o hormone
ket/o ketone body
-tropin stimulating hormone
-emia blood condition
-uria urine condition
adenalgia pain in the gland
adrenal virilism development of male secondary sexual characteristics caused by excessive secretion of the adrenal gland
adrenarche beginning of adrenal secretion (at puberty)
hirsutism excessive growth of facial and body hair in women
amenorrhea lack of menstrual flow
gynecomastia development of breast tissue in men
hypergonadism condition in which there is excessive secretion of the sex glands
hypogonadism condition in which there is undersecretion of the sex glands
menarche beginning or first menatruation
thelarche beginning of breast development
hypoglycemic pertaining to low blood suagr
pancreatalgia pain in the pancreas
polydipsia excessive thirst
polyphagia excessive eating
polyuria excessive urination
acromegaly abnormal enlargement of the extremeties
galactorrhea discharge of milk
pituitary dwarfism abnormally short height caused by undersecretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland
pituitary gigantism abnormally tall heigh caused by oversecretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland
exophthalmos protrusion of the eyes out of the eye socket
golter thyrocele swollen thyroid gland
thyromegaly enlargement of the thyroid
thyrotosis downward displacement (drooping) of the thyroid
acidemia abnormal acidity of the blood
alkalemia abnormally alkalinity (opposite of acidity) of the blood
calciria calcium in the urine
chloremia increased chloride in the blood
euglycemia good blood sugar
glucosuria sugar in the urine
hypercalcemia excessive calcium in the blood
hypercholesterolemia excessive cholesterol in the blood
hyperglycemia high blood sugar
hyperkalemia excessive potassium in the blood
hyperlipidemia excessive fat in blood
hypernatremia excessive sodium in the blood
hyperphosphatemia excessive phosphate in the blood
hypoglycemia low blood sugar
ketonuria ketone bodies in the urine
uremia presence of urinary waste in the blood
adrenaline hormone secreted by the adrenal gland
epinephrine hormone secreted by the adrenal gland
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland
corticotropin shorter name for the adrenocorticotrophic hormone
glucagon hormone secreted by the pancreas that stimulates the liver to increase blood sugar levels
glucocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex with a role in carbohydrate metabolism
gonadotropin hormone that stimulates the gonads
insulin hormone secreted by the pancreas that controls the metabolism and uptake of sugar and fats
thyrotropin hormone that stimulates the thyroid
adenomegaly abnormal enlargement of a gland
adrenomegaly abnormal enlargement of the adrenal gland
euthyroid normal functioning thyroid
gluconeogenesis formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources
glycolysis breakdown of sugar
glycopenia deficiency of sugar
gonadogenesis creation/development of gonads
metabolism breakdown of matter into energy
endocrine to secrete internally (into the bloodstream, etc.)
endocrinologist specialist in internal secretions
exocrine to secrete externally (through ducts to the surface of an organ) (sweat glands, salivary glands)
glycemic index ranking of food based on the way it affects sugar levels in the blood
ketogenesis creation of ketone bodies
thyroid function tests tests performed to evaluate the function of the thyroid
cholangiopancreatography procedure used to examine the bile ducts and pancreas
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography procedure used to examine the bile ducts and pancreas in which an endoscope is passed backward from the digestive tract into the bile duct
adenitis inflammation of a gland
adenopathy gland disease
adenosis gland condition
dysmetabolic syndrome combination of medical disorders associated with faulty metabolism
ketosis condition characterized by elevated levels of ketone bodies in the blood
polyadenopathy disease involving many glands
adrenal insufficiency condition in which the adrenal glands underproduce necessary hormones
adrealitis inflammation of the adrenal gland
adrenocortical insufficiency condition in which the adrenal cortex underproduce necessary hormones
adrenocorticohyperplasia overdevelopment of the cortex of the adrenal gland
congenital adrenal hyperplasia genetic disease in which the adrenal gland is overdeveloped, resulting in a deficiency of certain hormone and an overproduction of others
diabetes mellitus metabolic disease characterized by excessive urination and hyperglycemia
diabetic ketoacidosis acidity of the blood caused by the presence of ketone bodies produced hen the body is unable to burn sugar, thus it must burn fat for energy
pancreatic pseudocyst abnormally expanded area in the pancreas resembling a cyst
pancreatitis inflammation of the pancreas
pancreatolith stone in the pancreas
pancreatolithiasis presence of a stone in the pancreas
hyperpituitarism overfunctioning of the pituitary gland
hypophysitis inflammation of the pituitary gland
hypopituitarism condition caused by the undersection of the pituitary gland
panhypopituitarism defective or absent function of the entire pituitary gland
pituitary infarction death of the pituitary gland
hyperparathyroidism overproduction by the parathyroid glands
hyperthyroidism overproduction of the thyroid
hypoparathyroidism underproduction by the parathyroid
hypothyroidism underproduction by the thyroid
thyroiditis inflammation of the thyroid
throtoxicosis condition caused by the exposure of body tissue to excessive levels of thyroid hormone
adenocarcinoma cancerous tumor of a gland
adenoma glandular tumor
adrenal adenoma tumor of the adrenal gland
adrenocortical carcinoma cancerous tumor originating in the cortex of the adrenal gland
insulinoma tumor that secretes insulin
parathyroidoma tumor of the parathyroid
pituitary adenoma tumor on the pituitary gland
thymoma tumor of the thymus
continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion continuous injection of the insulin into the blood from a pump inserted under the skin
thyroidotoxin substance poisonous to the thyroid gland
adenectomy removal of a gland
ketogenic diet diet that aids in the production of ketones in the body
thymectomy removal of the thymus
adrenalectomy removal of the adrenal gland
laparoscopic adrenalectomy removal of an adrenal gland by means of a laparoscope
pancreatectomy removal of the pancreas
pancreatolithectomy removal of a stone in the pancreas
hypophysectomy removal of the pituitary gland
parathroidectomy removal of the parathyroid
thyroidectomy removal of the thyroid
thyroidotomy incision into the thyroid
thyroparathyroidectomy removal of the thyroid and parathyroid glands
ACTH adrenocorticotropic hormone
BS blood sugar
CGM continuous glucose monitor
DI diabetes insipidus
DM diabetes mellitus
ERCP endoscopic retrograde cholanglopancreatography
FBS fasting blood sugar
GDM gestational diabetes mellitus
GH growth hormone
GTT glucose tolerance test
HgA1C hemoglobin A1C test (monitor blood sugar levels)
HRT hormone replacement therapy
TFT thyroid function test
TSH thyroid-stimulating hormone (thyrotropin)
T3 trilodothyronine
T4 thyroxine
Calcitonin hormone that encourages the uptake of calcium in the blood into bone.
parathyroid hormone ­hormone that helps keep the level of calcium in the blood from getting too low.
LH Luteinizing hormone
FSH follicle-stimulating hormone
-tropin a stimulating effect on the target organ
Created by: hmarie94
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