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Chapter 4 Examples
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| rain cats and dogs = ‘rain heavily’ | Idiom |
| little and small | Synonymy |
| hot and cold | Antonyms |
| bright – full of light; intelligent brilliant – full of light; intelligent | Polysemy |
| bat -flying rodent bat - a club used in sports | Homophony |
| cleave – to separate cleave –to stick together | Antonymic homophones (contranyms) |
| -We met at the bank. (Rappahannock or Bank of America?) -The successful baker made lots of dough. (money or uncooked ingredients?) | LEXICAL AMBIGUITY |
| a) They studied linguistics in the library. b) In the library, they studied linguistics. a) Lee lent Robin her car. b) Robin borrowed Lee’s car. | PARAPHRASE |
| “Felix is a cat” implies “Felix is an animal” | ENTAILMENT |
| a) George is an only child. b) George has a younger brother. | CONTRADICTION |
| house vs. home | Connotation |
| -Your linguistics professor -Dennis Braiden’s neighbor -Hannah’s husband -Father of Yanni, Azarias, and Lydia | Denotation/referent |
| Donald Trump (in Oct. 2020) | Extension |
| elected executive leader of USA | Intension |
| fly, crawl, walk | change in position |
| give, buy, lend, inherit | change in possession |
| most people think of themselves as “middle-class” ($25-100k/yr) | Fuzzy Concepts |
| Bird • robin, magpie, cardinal • pigeon, hawk • stork, hummingbird • penguin, ostrich | Graded membership |
| -He fought for her affections. -She rebuffed his advances. -He campaigned daily to win her love. | Metaphor |
| How many words for snow? English: snow, slush, blizzard, sleet, powder, etc. | The Lexicalization of Concepts |
| English: past, plural, negation, obligation, possibility, definiteness etc. | Grammaticization |
| X causes Y to go somewhere NP V NP PP The judge laughed the guy out of the room. | Constructional Meaning |
| Brazilian music professor = -[Brazilian] [music professor] (prof from Brazil) -[Brazilian music] [professor] (prof from anywhere but teaches about the music of Brazil) | Structural Ambiguity |
| Agent - performs action Theme - entity undergoing action/movement Source - starting point for movement Goal - end point for a movement Location - place where action occurs etc. | Thematic Roles |
| The boss fired the employee because he was lazy | Role of Beliefs and Attitudes |
| Have you finished studying for economics? | Presupposition |
| English - this vs. that | Deixis |
| -A bird flew past my window. -The bird then turned around and landed on my window sill | Discourse |
Created by:
KenzieMWallace105
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