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q4 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Light Year | The distance that light travels in one year. |
| Astronomical Unit (AU) | The distance from the center of the sun to the center of the earth |
| Universe | All of space and everything in it |
| Galaxy | A huge group of single stars, star systems, star clusters, dust, and gas bound together by gravity. |
| Celestial object | an aggregation of matter in the universe that can be considered as a single unit for astronomical study |
| Star | A giant ball of superheated gas, or plasma, composed of hydrogen and helium. |
| Planet | A planet is round, orbits the sun, and has cleared out the region of the solar system along its orbit. |
| Dwarf Planet | An object that orbits the sun and has enough gravity to be spherical, but it has not cleared the area of it's orbit. |
| Moon | A natural satellite |
| Asteroid | Small, mostly rocky bodies, many of which are found in an area between the orbits of mars and jupiter. |
| Comet | A cold mixture of dust and ice that develops a long trail of light as it approaches the sun. |
| Telescope | Instruments that collect and focus light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation. |
| Spectrum | The separation of light into different colors with different wave lengths, called a visiblie light spectrum. |
| Wavelength | the distance between successive crests of a wave, especially points in a sound wave or electromagnetic wave. |
| Hertzsprung Russell Diagram | a two-dimensional graph, devised independently by Ejnar Hertzsprung (1873–1967) and Henry Norris Russell (1877–1957), in which the absolute magnitudes of stars are plotted against their spectral types. Stars are found to occupy only certain regions of suc |
| Big Bang theory | The Big Bang theory says that the universe came into being from a single, unimaginably hot and dense point (aka, a singularity) more than 13 billion years ago |
| Absolute Magnitude | the apparent magnitude an object would have if it were located at a distance of 10 parsecs |
| Apparent magnitude | the brightness of an object as it appears to an observer on Earth |
| Sun | the star around which the earth orbits |
| Sunspot | a spot or patch appearing from time to time on the sun's surface, appearing dark by contrast with its surroundings. |
| Solar Flare | a brief eruption of intense high-energy radiation from the sun's surface, associated with sunspots and causing electromagnetic disturbances on the earth, as with radio frequency communications and power line transmissions. |
| Prominence | a large, bright feature extending outward from the Sun's surface. |
| Corona | the outermost part of the Sun's atmosphere |
| Photosphere | a star's outer shell from which light is radiated. |
| Chromosphere | a thin layer of plasma that lies between the Sun's visible surface (the photosphere) and the corona (the Sun's upper atmosphere). |
| Radiative Zone | the transition between the core and the convective zone and extends about two-thirds of the way to the Sun's surface. |
| Convective Zone | where energy is transported in gases to the photosphere through convection currents. The gas, or plasma, is hottest nearest to the radiative zone and coolest, denser, near the photosphere (outermost layer of the sun). Due to this, the heated gas rises to |
| Core | the source of the Sun's energy, the site of thermonuclear fusion. At a temperature of about 15,000,000 K, matter is in the state known as a plasma: atomic nuclei (principally protons) and electrons moving at very high speeds. |
| Rotation | The movement/motion of the Earth about its axis |
| Revolution | the rotation of a celestial body on its axis |
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Syiana🔛🔝
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