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Sociology
Exam 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What is disability? | A disability is any condition of the body or mind that makes it more difficult for the person with the condition to do certain activites and interct with the world around them |
| Disabilities | Vision, movement, thinking, remembering, learning, communicating, hearing, mental health, social relationships |
| Adults in the United States with Some Type of Disabililty | 25% |
| Global Disability | 1.3 billion, 16% or 1 in 6 of the world's population |
| History of Disability | "Freak Shows": some disabled people made a living from their differences as entertainers or mascots for public exhibition * PT Barnum's circus (1840s) |
| History of Disability | Eugenics (20th century) Coined in 1883 by Francis Galton, defined as "the science of the improvement of the human germ plasm through the better breeding" Positive = "better" sections have more children |
| 1951 | Camp Jened open in the Catskill Mountains in New York and provided a nurturing environment for children with disabilites |
| 1977 | 504 sit-ins April 5th demonstrators marched outside government building in San Franciso and several other cities across the nation to deman: Sign the regulations enforcing Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 |
| 1990 | President George H.W. Bush on July 26th signed the Americans with Disabilites Act (ADA) |
| Medical Model of Disability | Views disability as a defect within the individual, and aberration or defect compared to normal traits and characteristics To have a high quality of life, these defects must be cured, fiexed or eliminated. Medicine and doctors have the sole power |
| Social Model of Disability | Shifts the focus to the societh which disables people with impairments, the ineraction between the impairments and physical and social barriers to full participation create disabling environments Distinguishes between disabilites and impairments |
| Impairment | Refers to a problem with a structure or organ of the body |
| Disability | A function limitation with regard to a particular activity |
| Medical vs Social Models of Disability | Social=changing society, end of discrimination and oppression Medical=fixing the person |
| Universal Design | Design of buildings, products or environments to make them accessible to people, regardless of age, disability or other factors |
| Ableism | A system that places value on people's bodies and minds based on societally constructed ideas of normalcy, intelligence, and excellence |
| Deaf Culture | A set of social beliefs, behaviors, art, literary traditions, history, values, and shared institutions of communities that are influenced by deafness and which use sign languages as the main means of communication |
| Deaf vs deaf | Deaf: Strong identity, culturally deaf, attends deaf schools and programs, member of community deaf: May not attend deaf school, descries hearing loss medically only, identifies with hearing people, doesn't associate with the deaf community |
| Hero/Supercrip | A disabled person, particularly an athlete, who achieves exceptional success or accomplishments despite the challenges they face, serving as an inspiration to others |
| Disability as a Predicament | Tom Shakespeare "Disability is not a tragedy, but it's not just an irrelevant diffrence. I have argued that the best way of thinking about it is as a predicament, which many people have to face in life, and which everyone should think about |
| Education | The process of gaining knowledge and skills |
| School | Wealth=Success |
| Assimilation | The process by which individuals or groups from different cultures come to adopt the customs, values, and behaviors of the dominant culture, can have both positive and negative consequences |
| Meritocracy | A system, organization, or system in which people are chosen and moved into positions of success, power, and influence on the basis of their demonstrated abilities and merit |
| Credentialism | The practive of using a person's qualifications, such as degrees or certificates, as a way to solely assess their skills, knowledge, and experience for a job or activity |
| Tracking | Dividing students into groups that recieve different instruction on the basis of assumed similarities in ability or attainment |
Created by:
Hopethisworks
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