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Chapter 4
Infection Control; study guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What type of infection is relapse and remission typically seen in? | Latent Infections |
| What is the process used to wash and remove blood from instruments called? | Sanitization |
| What contaminations require special handling? | Blood and other potentially infectious materials |
| What should you do if the eyes are exposed to potientially infectious bodily fluids? | continuously flush eyes for 15 minutes as soon as possible using the eye wash kit |
| What immune system response is identified as humoral immunity? | In the third line of defense against infection, the immune system produces antibodies designed to combat the presence of a forgien substance |
| What substance protects nearby cells from viral infection? | Interferon; a protein formed when a cell is exposed to a virus, the protein block viral action on the cell and protects against viral infection |
| What should you never do when sanitizing an instrument? | Never use bare hands, never wait to clean too long after the procedure, never mix sharp objects with blunt instruments |
| What should be emphasized when training aseptic handwashing? | Handwashing techniques using mechanical friction, soap, and warm running water |
| What is free of all living organisms in a normal state? | Sterilized instruments and spaces |
| What is considered adequate hand hygiene? | Handwashing requires running water and friction using the medical aseptic technique. The first wash should be be for at least a minute, and each subsequent wash should be at least 15 seconds. Then use a water-soluble lotion to bring back moisture |
| What gloves should be worn while cleaning sharp instruments? | Thick utility gloves |
| What CDC recommendations are not considered adequate hand hygiene? | The CDC recommends washing before and after contact with a patient, before performing an aseptic task, after contact with blood, bodily fluids or contaminated surfaces, and when hands move from one patient to another |
| What diseases are cause by a virus? | Common cold, COVID-19, Influenza A & B, Herpes, Infectious Hepatitis, AIDs and HIV |
| Before disposing of a contaminated needle into a sharps container, the medical assistant should? | Recap the needle |
| What does direct transmission occur through? | Contact with an infected person, with discharges from an infected person, or with infected soil |
| Viral infection are? | when a virus inserts its own DNA or RNA into a host cell, and then uses the host cell to help reproduce |
| What is the most effective method of controlling the spread of conjunctivitis in a day care center? | Disinfection |
| What is cell-mediated immunity? | An immune response that does not rely on the production of antibodies. Involves the destruction of infected cells through the use of cytotoxic T cells; causes the destruction of pathogenic cells at the site of invasion or infection |
| What function increases blood flow to the site and increase the permeability of blood vessel walls? | The inflammatory response- First stage |
| What is considered the second link in the chain of infection? | The resevoir host; people, insects, animals, water, food, and contaminated instruments and equipment |
| What is the key to reducing the prevalance of antibiotic resistance? | to use an antibiotic specific to the pathogen |
| What is disinfection associated with? | Hydrogen peroxide, bleach, and alcohol; Any chemical agent used on nonliving objects to destroy or inhibit the growth of harmful organisms, not effective against bacterial spores |
| What is the safest method to achieve adequate sanitization of instruments? | Wear thick utility gloves, rinse under cold water, sharps should be kept separate and cleaned at the same time. Open all hinges and scrub with a small scrub brush. Rinse with hot water and check to make sure they are working. Hand dry with a towel |
| What is the first step that should be taken after exposure to contaminated waste? | If any exposed skin comes in contact with contaminated fluids, scrub the area with soap and warm running water. If the eyes come in contact, flush for 15 minutes using the eye wash kit. After any spills immediately clean and disinfect all surfaces |
| Any disease is caused by the growth of pathogenic microorganisms in the body that falls into the category of? | Bacterial Infection |
| What is the method that completely destroys microorganisms? | sterilizations |
| Employees must provide their own alternative to gloves if they show signs of latex anaphylaxis. T/F | False; employers must provide latex free gloves if and employee shows signs of a latex allergy |
| HIV is transmitted by blood that splatters on intact skin or mucous membranes. T/F | False; HIV is transmited through the ingestion or absorbtion of infected bodily fluids |
| Interferon is a naturally occurring protein that helps protect cells from viral invasion. T/F | True |
| Employers must provide employees with hepititis B immunization free of charge within 10 days of the start of employment. T/F | True |
| An example of a vector is a tick that transmit disease. T/F | True |
| A germicide is an agent that destroys pathogenic microorganisms. T/F | True |
| An example of a parental administration of a medicine is a subcutaneous injection. T/F | True |
| The most effective treatment for a viral infection is palliative in nature. T/F | True |
| Pyemia is a condition marked by infectous microorganisms in the patients urine. T/F | False; pyemia is the presence of pus forming organisms in the blood |
| Resevoir hosts who are unaware of their ability to spread an infectious disease are identified as carriers. T/F | True |
| Relapse is the disappearance of the clinical symptoms of disease. T/F | False; relapse is the recurrence of the symptoms of a disease afer apparent recovery |
| Alcohol-Based handsanitizers, when used properly, are as effective at reducing the incidence of nosocomial infections. T/F | True |
| If a medical assistant performs medical aseptic handwashing or hand santizer routinely, they do not have to wear gloves. T/F | False; They msut still wear their gloves no matter how clean their hands are |
| Hands do not have to be sanitized if gloves are worn. T/F | False; hands must be sanitized before putting on gloves and after taking them off |
| A patient who is in remission has a disease but is not showing symptoms. T/F | True |
| Spore structures protect viral cells from immune system action. T/F | False; spores are used by bacteria and make treatment difficult |
| The CDC recommends the use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers instead of handwashing. T/F | False; The CDC recommends washing your hands first thing when you clock in for at least a minute, but unless visibly soiled, you can use hand sanitizer followed by a water-soluble lotion afterwards |
| If the eyes come in contact with bodily fluids, flush for 5 minutes. T/F | False; If eyes come in contact with with bodily fluids, flush the out with running water and the eye wash kit for 15 minutes |
| An antiseptic is used to clean the patients skin before a surgical procedure. T/F | True |
| Health care workers with artificial fingernails are more prone to spreading bacteria. T/F | True |
Created by:
Wayne.Destiny
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