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Unit 09 24-25
Matter and Energy in Ecosystems
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 10% Rule | each trophic level can only give 10% of its energy to the next level |
| Autotrophs | make food for themselves using light energy, carbon dioxide, and water |
| Biosphere | the part of the Earth that can support life; includes all living things and the places they are found |
| Energy pyramid | a model that shows how the energy available to organisms at each trophic (feeding) level of an ecosystem is decreased |
| Heterotrophs | eat other organisms for food |
| Nutrients | a substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and the maintenance of life |
| Primary consumer | organisms that eat only plants |
| Secondary consumer | organisms that eat primary consumers |
| Tertiary consumers | organisms that eat secondary consumers |
| Trophic levels | the feeding position of different groups of organisms within all food chains in the biosphere |
| Carnivores | an organism that mostly eats meat, or the flesh of animals. |
| Consumers | an organism that cannot produce its own food and must eat other plants and/or animals to get energy. |
| Decomposers | organism that breaks down dead organic material |
| Detritivores | an organism that eats dead or decaying plants or animals as food. |
| Nitrogen Cycle | circulation of nitrogen in various forms through nature. |
| Carbon Cycle | describes how carbon moves between the atmosphere, soils, living creatures, the ocean, and human sources. |
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LMS 7 Sci
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