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chapter 18
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| aden/o | gland |
| Adenectomy | a surgical removal of all or part of a gland. |
| adrenal/o | adrenal gland |
| -ine | substance, pertaining to |
| Aldosterone | Aldosterone is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that helps regulate the body's water and salt balance. It's produced in the zona glomerulosa, the outer layer of the adrenal gland. Aldosterone's functions include: |
| Parathyroid hormone | Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a peptide hormone that regulates calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D levels in the blood, and is important for bone growth |
| ster/o | steroid |
| Steroid | Complex substance related to fats (derived from a sterol, such as cholesterol), and of which many hormones are made. Examples of steroids are estrogens, androgens, glucocorticoids, and mineralocorticoids. Ster/o means solid; -ol means oil |
| Cortisol | Cortisol is a steroid hormone that the adrenal glands produce to help the body respond to stress and danger. |
| Electrolyte | Mineral salt found in the blood and tissues and necessary for proper functioning of cells; potassium, sodium, and calcium are electrolytes. |
| crin/o | secrete |
| endo- | in; within |
| -in -ine | substance |
| nephr/o | kidney |
| eu- | good, normal |
| Euthyroid | having a normally functioning thyroid gland |
| ophthalm/o | eye |
| ex- | out; away from |
| -uria | urine condition |
| glyc/o | glucose |
| Homeostasis | Tendency of an organism to maintain a constant internal environment |
| calc/o | calcium |
| Thyroxine | Thyroxine (T4) is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that regulates how much energy the body uses, or metabolic rate |
| Hormone | a regulatory substance produced in an organism and transported in tissue fluids such as blood or sap to stimulate specific cells or tissues into action. |
| gonad/o | sex glands |
| kal/i | potassium |
| natr/o | sodium |
| thyroid/o | thyroid gland |
| Insulin | Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels and metabolism |
| oxy- | rapid; sharp; acid |
| Oxytocin | Oxytocin is a hormone produced in the brain that plays a role in many human behaviors, including social bonding, love, reproduction, and childbirth. |
| Sympathomimetic | Pertaining to mimicking or copying the effect of the sympathetic nervous system. Adrenaline (epinephrine) is a sympathomimetic hormone (it raises blood pressure and heart rate and dilates airways) |
| Goiter | A goiter is a swelling in the neck that occurs when the thyroid gland becomes enlarged |
| Graves’ Disease | a form of a overactivity of the thyroid gland; thyrotoxicosis. |
| Hirsutism | Hirsutism is a chronic condition that causes women to grow coarse, dark hair in areas where they typically have fine hair or none at all. |
| pan- | all |
| Panhypopituitarism | Deficiency of all pituitary hormones |
| pituitar/o | pituitary gland |
| poly- | many or increase |
| dips/o | thirst |
| Tetany | also known as a tetanic seizure, is a medical condition that causes involuntary muscle contractions. |
| toxic/o | poison |
| Thyrotoxicosis | Thyrotoxicosis is a condition that occurs when there is too much thyroid hormone in the body |
| Target tissue | Cells of an organ that are affected or stimulated by specific hormones. |
Created by:
ihan
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