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MRT-110; Chapter 1
"the essentials of medical language"; anatomy of medical terms
Element | Definition |
---|---|
root | element that provides the core meaning of the word |
combining form | roots are joined to other elements in a medical term by adding a combining vowel (a,e,i,o,u) |
suffix | element added to the END of a root or combining form to give it a new meaning |
prefix | element added to the BEGINNING of a root or combining form to further expand the meaning; usually indicate time, number, size, or location |
S/ -itis | inflammation |
R/ bronch- | bronchus |
S/ -ia | condition |
R/ -pneumon | lung, air |
S/ -ary | pertaining to |
R/ pulmon- | lung |
S/ -logy | study of |
S/ -logist | one who studies, specialist |
S/ -ation | process |
R/ respir- | to breathe |
S/ -atory | pertaining to |
R/CF pneumon/o- | lung, air |
S/ -ic | pertaining to |
R/ gastr- | stomach |
P/ epi- | above |
P/ hypo- | below |
S/ -al | pertaining to |
R/ later- | side |
P/ bi- | two |
P/ uni- | one |
P/ macro- | large |
R/ -cyte | cell |
mature | Latin; ready |
P/ post- | after |
P/ pre- | before |
R/ -mature | fully developed |
P/ micro- | small |
R/ nat- | birth, born |
P/ peri- | around |
S/ -thorax | chest |
R/CF cardi/o- | heart |
S/ -pathy | disease |
R/CF -my/o- | muscle |
P/ dia- | complete |
R/ -gnosis | knowledge of an abnormal condition |
S/ -tic | pertaining to |
R/ -gnose | recognize an abnormal condition |
S/ -gram | record |
R/CF electr/o- | electricity |
S/ -ive | pertaining to |
R/ -tens- | pressure |
P/ in- | in |
R/ -farct | area of dead tissue |
S/ -ion | action, condition |
S/ -emia | a blood condition |
R/ -isch | to block |
S/ -emic | pertaining to a condition of the blood |
R/ cardi- | heart |
S/ -um | structure |
P/ pro- | before, project forward |
Singular -a (axilla) | Plural -ae (axillae) |
Singular -ax (thorax) | Plural -aces (thoraces) |
Singular -en (lumen) | Plural -ina (lumina) |
Singular -ex (cortex) | Plural -ices (cortices) |
Singular -is (diagnosis) | Plural -es (diagnoses) |
Singular -is (epididymis) | Plural -ides (epididymides) |
Singular -ix (appendix) | Plural -ices (appendices) |
Singular -ma (carcinoma) | Plural -mata (carcinomata) |
Singular -on (ganglion) | Plural -a (ganglia) |
Singular -um (septum) | Plural -a (septa) |
Singular -us (viscus) | Plural -era (viscera) |
Singular -us (villus) | Plural -i (villi) |
Singular -us (corpus) | Plural -ora (corpora) |
Singular -x (phalanx) | Plural -ges (phalanges) |
Singular -y (ovary) | Plural -ies (ovaries) |
Singular -yx (calyx) | Plural -ices (calices) |
axilla | Latin; armpit |
R/ axill- | armpit |
P/ de- | without |
R/ -ment- | mind |
ganglion | Greek; a swelling or knot |
ileum | Latin; to twist or roll up |
ilium | Latin; groin |
mucous (noun) | Greek; slime |
S/ -ous | pertaining to |
R/ muc- | mucus |
S/ -osa | full of; like |
prostate | Greek; one who stands before |
prostrate | Latin; to stretch out |
reflex | Latin; bend back |
reflux | Latin; backward flow |
septum | Latin; a partition |
R/ cervic- | neck |
cervix | Latin; neck |
R/ -fusion | to pour |
P/ trans- | across, through |
P/ intra- | within, inside |
R/ -ven- | vein |
R/CF neur/o- | nerve |
S/ -logist | one who studies and is a specialist in |
protocol | Latin; contents of a book |
ureter | Greek; urinary canal |
urethra | Greek; passage of urine |
R/CF ur/o- | urine |
uterus | Latin; womb |
vertebra | Latin; bone in the spine |