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Sensory system

Structure & Function

TermDefinition
Sight eyes
Touch skin
Hearing ears
Smell nose
Taste mouth
audi/o, audit/o, aur/o, auricul/o hearing
blephar/o eyelid
cerumin/o wax
cochle/o cochela
conjuctiv/o conjuctiva
cor/o, core/o pupil
corne/o, kerat/o cornea
cycl/o ciliary body
glauc/o gray or silver
ir/o, irid/o iris
lacrim/o tears
mastoid/o mastoid process
myring/o, tampan/o eardrum, middle ear
nas/o nose
ocul/o, opthalm/o, opt/o, optic/o eye
ossicul/o ossicle
phac/o, phak/o lens
presby/o old
pupill/o pupil
retin/o retina
salping/o tube
scler/o white of eye
scot/o darkness
uve/o uvea
sclera Thick, tough membrane in the outer eye layer; supports eyeball structure.
CORNEA Transparent anterior section of the eyeball that bends light in a process called refraction.
refraction Process of bending light rays.
eyelid Movable covering over the eye.
conjustiva Mucous membrane lining the eyelid.
choroid Thin posterior membrane in the middle layer of the eye.
ciliary body Thick anterior membrane in the middle layer of the eye.
pupil Black circular center of the eye; opens and closes when muscles in the iris expand and contract in response to light.
lens Colorless, flexible, transparent body behind the iris.
iris Colored part of the eye; contains muscles that expand and contract in response to light.
uvea Region of the eye containing the iris, choroid membrane, and ciliary bodies.
retina Oval, light-sensitive membrane in the interior layer of the eye; decodes light waves and transmits information to the brain.
rods Specialized receptor cells in the retina that perceive black to white shades.
cones Specialized receptor cells in the retina that perceive color and bright light.
optic nerve Nerve that transmits nerve impulses from the eye to the brain.
eyebrows Clump of hair, usually about a half an inch above the eye, that helps to keep foreign particles from entering the eye.
eyelashes group of hairs protruding from the end of the eyelid; helps to keep foreign particles from entering the eye.
lacrimal glands Glands that secrete liquid to moisten the eyes and produce tears.
tears Moisture secreted from the lacrimal glands.
ear Organ of hearing.
auricle, pinna Funnel-like structure leading from the external ear to the external auditory meatus
40 dB (10,000 times as great as 10) A whisper-perceptible to most people with normal hearing
eardrum, tympanic membrane Oval, semitransparent membrane that moves in response to sound waves and produces vibrations.
60 dB (1 million times a great as 10) Regular conversational speech
auditory ossicles Three specially shaped bones in the middle ear that anchor the eardrum to the tympanic cavity and that transmit vibrations to the inner ear.
eustachian tube Tube that connects the middle ear to the pharynx.
osseous labyrinth, membranous labyrinth One of the two tubes that make up the semicircular canals.
semicircular canal Structures in the inner ear important to equilibrium.
80 dB (100 million times a great at 10) High noise such as crowded room or heavy traffic
cochlea Snail-shaped structure in the inner ear that contains the organ of Corti.
decibel Measure of the intensity of sound.
equilibrium Sense of balance.
vestibule Bony chamber between the semicircular canal and the cochlea.
130 dB (10 trillion times a great as 10) Extremely loud, can cause ear damage
140 dB (100 trillion times as great as 10) Sound of a jet engine taking off, can damage hearing
Motion sickness Occurs in sudden changes of body motion when organs and equilibrium are disrupted
olfactory organs Organs at the top of the nasal cavity containing olfactory receptors.
taste buds Organs that sense the taste of food.
papillae Tiny projection on the superior surface of the tongue that contains taste buds.
taste cells Specialized receptor cells within the taste buds.
ASL American sign language
dB decibel
IOL intraocular lens
IOP intraocular pressure
Created by: SViner
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