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Chemistry Unit 1 Voc

TermDefinition
Law of conservation of mass The law that states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes
Atom The smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical properties of that element
Atomic number The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom; it is the same for all atoms of an element
Isotopes An atom that has the same number of protons (or the same atomic number) as other atoms of the same element do but that has a different number of neutrons (and thus a different atomic mass)
Atomic mass unit A unit of mass that describes the mass of an atom or molecule; it is exactly 1/12 of the mass of a carbon atom with mass number 12. (abbreviated amu)
Average atomic mass The weighted average of the masses of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element
Periodic table An arrangement of the elements in order of their atomic numbers such that elements with similar properties fall in the same column, or group
Noble gasses One of the elements of Group 18 of the periodic table (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon); noble gasses are unreactive
Alkali metals One of the elements of group 1 of the periodic table (lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium)
Alkaline earth metals One of the elements of group 2 of the periodic table (beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium)
Transition elements One of the metals that can use the inner shell before using the outer shell
Halogens One of the elements of group 17 (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine); halogens combine with most metals to form salts
Nucleus A small, dense region at the center of an atom; made of protons and neutrons
Proton A subatomic particle with a positive charge; located in the nucleus of an atom
Neutron A subatomic particle that has no charge and is located in the nucleus of an atom
Electron A subatomic particle that has a negative charge
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