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scientific method
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theories
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Psychology ch2

Chapter 2

TermDefinition
scientific method an approach through which psychologists systematically acquire knowledge and understanding about behavior and other phenomena of interest
theories broad explanations and predictions concerning observations of interest (gird framework for understanding unorganized facts and principles)
hypothesis a prediction, stemming from a theory, started in a way that allows it to be tested
Operational definition the translation of a hypothesis into specific, testable procedures that can be measured and observed
Research systematically inquiry aimed at the discovery of new knowledge and is a central ingredient of the scientific method in psychology
Archival research existing data are examined to test a hypothesis (census docs, college records, online data)
naturalistic observation an investigator observes some naturally occurring behavior and does not make a change in the situation
survey research peaople chosen to represent a larger population are asked a series of questions abt their behavior, thoughts or attitudes
case study an in depth, intensive investigation of an individual or a small group of people
correlation research the relationship between 2 sets of variables is examined to determine weather they are associated or correlated
correlation or correlation coefficient the strength nd direction of the relationship between the 2 variables, which can range from +1 to -1
positive correlation as the value of one variable increases, so will the value of the other variable (higher temp, higher ice cream sales)
negative correlation as value of one variable increases, the other decreases (faster you drive, the sooner you arrive at your destination)
Cross-sectional research compares people of different ages at the same point in time (ex. intellectual ability of different ages? group of 20 yr olds, 40 yr olds, give them a test, get an average and compare age groups)
Longitudinal research investigates behavior as participants age (change in behavior over time)
Created by: Gramsammy02
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