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med terminology .5
chapter 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| circulatory system | heart, veins, arteries, capillaries; removes waste and circulates vital nutrients |
| angi/o | vessel |
| aort/o | aorta |
| arteri/o | artery |
| ather/o | fatty substance |
| atri/o | atrium |
| cardi/o | heart |
| coron/o | heart |
| hemangi/o | blood vessel |
| phleb/o | vein |
| sphygm/o | pulse |
| steth/o | chest |
| thromb/o | clot |
| valv/o | valve |
| valvul/o | valve |
| vascl/o | blood vessel |
| vas/o | vessel,duct |
| ven/o | vein |
| ventricul/o | ventricle |
| -manometer | measures pressure |
| -tension | pressure |
| -ule | small |
| pulmonary circulation | heart/lungs then -02 back to lungs to get more 02 |
| systemic circulation | carries O2 rich blood to the body |
| heart location | mediastinum behind the sternum |
| heart layers | endocardium (inner layer), myocardium (muscular middle layer), epicardium (outer layer divided into visceral pericardium which is the inside of the sac and the parietal pericardium which is the outside of the sac) |
| atria | upper chambers |
| ventricles | lower chambers |
| interatrial septum and interventricular septum | divide atria and ventricles respectively |
| tricuspid valve (AV) | right atrium/right ventricle |
| pulmonary valve (SL) | right ventricle and pulmonary artery |
| bicuspid valve (mitral) | enters left ventricle |
| aoritc valve | leaves left ventricle |
| BLOOD FLOW STEPS 1-3 | 1) deoxygenated 02 goes into relaxed right atrium via superior and inferior vena cava 2) right atrium contracts blood goes through tricuspid to right ventricle 3) right ventricle contracts sends blood through pulmonary valve, goes to lungs |
| BLOOD FLOW STEPS 4-6 | 4)left atrium gets blood from heart that has been oxygenated by lungs (comes in via pulmonary veins) 5) left atrium contracts sends blood through bicuspid into left ventricle 6)left ventricle contracts blood goes into the aorta to rest of body |
| relaxed period for a chamber | diastole |
| contraction period for a chamber | systole |
| autonomic nervous system | heart rate is regulated in this method; it is involuntary |
| sinoatrial node | electrical impulse to keep heart beating |
| heart conduction | 1) SA node sends impulse to go into atria systole 2) atrioventricular node is stimulated 3)atrioventricular bundle stimulated 4) signal travels down bundle branches 5) Purkinje fibers in myocardium stumulated, ventricular systole |
| lumen | channel in which blood flows through a vessel |
| coronary arteries | branch from aorta |
| arterioles | smallest arteries give blood to capillaries |
| capilaries | thin walled to allow for gas exchange |
| veins | thinner walls, easily collapsible, valves prevent backflow, lower blood pressure |
| venules | blood leaving capillaries enters venules which merge into larger veins |
| arteries | thick walled vessels, high blood pressure to keep blood always flowing (no need for valves) |
| blood pressure | measure of the force exerted against the wall of a blood vessel |
| systolic pressure | when the blood is under a lot of pressure from ventricular contraction it has the highest reading |
| pulse | the surge of blood caused by the heart contraction |
| diastolic pressure | pressure from blood not being pushed by the heart is a t its lowest point |
| auscultation | listening to sounds from the body |
| catheter | flexible tubing for the purpose of moving fluids in or out of the body |
| infarct | an area of an organ that undergoes necrosis once it has no more blood supply |
| ischemia | temporary local deficiency of blood due to an obstruction in the circulation |
| murmur | abnormal heart sound |
| orthostatic hypotension | sudden drop in blood pressure |
| palpitation | pounding heartbeat |
| plaque | fatty deposits of lipids |
| regurgitation | backflow of blood through a valve |
| stent | widens lumen |
| arrhythmia | irregular heartbeat |
| Heart pathology | angia pectoris, bundle branch block, cardiac arrest, cardiomyopathy, congentital septal defect, congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, endocarditis, fibrillation, flutter, heart valve prolapse, heart valve stenosis, myocardial infarction |
| Vessel pathology | aneurysm, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, coarctation of the aorta, embolus, hemorrhoid, hypertension, hypotension, patent ductus arteriosus, peripheral vascular disease, polyarteritis, raynaud's phenomenon, thrombophlebitis, thrombus, varicose veins |
Created by:
sazzduhnuh
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