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Research Methods
Experimental designs
Term | Definition | Strengths | Weaknesses |
---|---|---|---|
Experimental designs | Describes the way participants are allocated to experimental groups | ||
Types of experimental designs | Independent measures Repeated Measures Matched Pairs | ||
Independent Measures | Different participants in different conditions | No demand characteristics No order effects | More participants needed Individual differences |
Repeated Measures | Same participants in different conditions | Fewer participants Control for individual differences | Demand characteristics Order effects |
Matched Pairs | Different participants in different conditions but matched with some key factors | No order effects No demand characteristics Control for individual differences | Time consuming Difficult to match all variables |
Control | Something that is kept the same | Used to make sure the experiment is reliable | |
Types of variables | Extraneous variable Confounding variable | ||
Extraneous variable | Variable that may compete with the independent variable in explaining the outcome of the study | ||
Confounding variable | Variable associated with both variables |