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(PS8.1.3/1.5) Vocab

Vocabulary review for chemistry - PS8.1.3/PS8.1.5

TermDefinition
Valence Electron The number of electrons found in the outer shell. These electrons can be gained, lost, or shared during a chemical reaction.
Periodic Table A chart of the elements showing the repeating pattern of their properties.
Atomic Number The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Atomic Mass The average mass of all the isotopes of an element.
Group/Family Elements in the same vertical column of the periodic table. 18 Columns
Period A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table. 7 Rows
Metal elements with similar properties found on the left side of the “staircase” on the periodic table
Metalloid elements with similar properties that create a “staircase” on the periodic table
Nonmetal elements with similar properties found on the right side of the “staircase” on the periodic table
Malleability A term used to describe a material that can be pounded into shapes.
Conductivity The ability of an object to transfer heat or electricity to another object.
Reactive The ease and speed with which an element combines, or reacts, with other elements and compounds.
Ductility A term used to describe a material that can be pulled out into a long wire.
Law of conservation of mass The amount of matter does not change during a chemical reaction, only that the atoms are rearranged to form new substances. This is evidenced in a balanced chemical equation.
Chemical Equation Uses chemical formulas and other symbols instead of words to summarize a reaction. 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
Closed System A system in which no matter is allowed to enter or leave.
Open System A system in which matter can enter from or escape to the surroundings.
Coefficient A number in front of a chemical formula in an equation that indicates how many molecules or atoms of each reactant and product are involved in a reaction. 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
Subscript A specific number of atoms of the element found in each molecule of a substance. 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
Water H2O
Carbon dioxide CO2
Glucose C6H12O6
Table salt NaCl
Oxygen O2
Household bleach NaClO
Hydrochloric acid HCl
Ammonia NH3
Baking Soda NaHCO3
Vinegar HC2H3O2, 5% solution
Created by: dsmith23
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