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Primary 4 Science
Various Questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How can reducing places for mosquitoes to lay eggs help control their population? | It reduces the number of eggs that can hatch into larvae. |
| Why do mosquitoes lay many eggs at once? | To ensure some eggs will hatch even if some are eaten by animals. |
| Which stage of the mosquito life cycle is responsible for spreading diseases like dengue fever? | The adult stage. |
| What happens to the wax on a metal rod compared to a plastic rod when heated? | The wax on the metal rod melts faster because metal is a better conductor of heat than plastic. |
| How can you magnetize an iron bar? | Stroke the bar many times in one direction using the same pole of a magnet. |
| What is the purpose of using a beaker with a spout in an experiment involving water levels? | To see the water level more clearly. |
| What should you do if the water level at the start of an experiment is different | Take the difference between the volume of water and the object and the volume of water at the start. |
| What happens to butter when it is placed in hot water? | The butter will change to a liquid state due to heat gain from the hot water. |
| Why is wood used for handles of hot objects like pots and pans? | Wood is a poorer conductor of heat and will conduct heat more slowly, preventing burns. |
| What is the main function of the circulatory system? | To transport blood, nutrients, oxygen, and waste products throughout the body. |
| Name the organ that pumps blood throughout the body. | The heart. |
| What happens to the height of a shadow when the light source is moved closer to the object? | The height of the shadow decreases. |
| What are the properties of glass? | Glass allows light to pass through and breaks easily. |
| What are the properties of solids? | Solids have a definite shape and volume. |
| What happens when like poles of magnets are brought together? | They repel each other. |
| What are the three states of matter? | Gas, liquid, and solid. |
| What is the life cycle of a mosquito? | Egg → Larva → Pupa → Adult. |
| Why do seed leaves shrink during germination? | The food stored in the seed leaves is being used up by the seedling. |
| How can you make an iron nail into a temporary magnet? | By stroking it with a magnet. |
| Why do pebbles cause water to overflow when added to a container of water? | Pebbles occupy space, displacing the water and causing it to overflow. |
| How does oil on water affect mosquito larvae? | Oil blocks the breathing tubes of mosquito larvae, causing them to die. |
| How does temperature affect the hatching of mosquito eggs? | Warmer temperatures cause more mosquito eggs to hatch in a day. |
| What happens to the food stored in seed leaves during germination? | It is used up by the seedling. |
| Animal Y has lungs, moist skin, and lives on land and in water. Which group does animal Y belong to? | Amphibians are characterized by their dual life stages in water and on land and possess both lungs and moist skin. |
| What is the relationship between temperature and the growth of mould? | Temperature increases, growth of mould increases. |
| Life cycle of the butterfly grows from _________. | egg–caterpillar–pupa–adult |
| The __________ is the part of the plant that makes the seed. | flower |
| What is the function of red blood cells? | To carry oxygen to different parts of the body |
| What is the main function of the respiratory system? | To take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide |
| What is the main function of the mouth in the digestive system? | The mouth chews food into smaller pieces and mixes it with saliva, which starts breaking down the food. |
| What role does the esophagus play in digestion? | The esophagus is a tube that moves food from the mouth to the stomach |
| What is the primary function of the stomach? | The stomach mixes food with digestive juices and acids |
| How does the small intestine contribute to digestion? | The small intestine breaks down food even more and absorbs nutrients into the blood |
| What is the function of the large intestine? | the large intestine absorbs water and minerals from the leftover food and turns it into solid waste (feces). |
| How does the rectum function in the digestive system? | The rectum stores solid waste until it is ready to be expelled from the body through the anus. |
| How do the particles in a solid behave? | The particles in a solid are closely packed together and vibrate in place. |
| How do the particles in a liquid behave? | The particles in a liquid are close together but can move past each other, allowing the liquid to flow. |
| How do the particles in a gas behave? | The particles in a gas are far apart and move freely in all directions. |
| What happens when a solid turns into a liquid? | When a solid turns into a liquid, it melts. This process is called melting. |
| What happens when a liquid turns into a gas? | When a liquid turns into a gas, it evaporates. This process is called evaporation. |
| What is condensation? | Condensation is the process where gas turns into a liquid |
| What is freezing? | Freezing is the process where a liquid turns into a solid. |
| What is sublimation? | Sublimation is the process where a solid turns directly into a gas without becoming a liquid first. |
| What is deposition? | Deposition is the process where a gas turns directly into a solid without becoming a liquid first. |
| What is the difference between mass and volume? | Mass is the amount of matter in an object, while volume is the amount of space an object takes up. |
| How is the mass of a solid measured? | The mass of a solid is measured using a balance or a scale. You place the solid on the balance, and it shows the mass in units like grams (g) or kilograms (kg). |
| How is the volume of a solid measured? | The volume of a regular-shaped solid is measured by (Volume = length × width × height). For irregular-shaped solids, the volume can be measured by water displacement. You submerge the solid in water and measure the amount of water it displaces. |
| How is the mass of a liquid measured? | The mass of a liquid is measured by first weighing an empty container, then filling it with the liquid and weighing it again. The mass of the liquid is the difference between the two measurements. |
| How is the volume of a liquid measured? | The volume of a liquid is measured using a measuring container like a graduated cylinder or a measuring cup. The volume is read at the bottom of the meniscus (the curved surface of the liquid). |
| How is the mass of a gas measured? | the mass of a gas is measured by weighing the container with the gas and then weighing the container after the gas has been released. The difference in mass is the mass of the gas. |
| How is the volume of a gas measured? | The volume of a gas is measured by the volume of the container it fills, as gases expand to fill their containers. This can be measured in liters (L) or cubic meters (m³). |
| What is the unit for measuring mass? | The unit for measuring mass is grams (g) or kilograms (kg). |
| What is the unit for measuring volume? | The unit for measuring volume is liters (L) for liquids and cubic centimeters (cm³) or cubic meters (m³) for solids and gases. |
| How do you find the volume of an irregular-shaped object? | You find the volume of an irregular-shaped object by submerging it in water and measuring the amount of water it displaces. This method is called water displacement. |
| What happens to shadows when the light source is closer to the object? | When the light source is closer to the object, the shadow becomes larger. |
| What is the difference between transparent, translucent, and opaque objects? | Transparent objects let all light pass through, translucent objects let some light pass through, and opaque objects do not let any light pass through. |
| How does heat travel? | Heat can travel through conduction, convection, and radiation. |
| What is conduction? | Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between materials. |
| What is convection? | Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases). |
| What is radiation? | Radiation is the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves, such as the heat from the Sun. |
| What is an example of a good conductor of heat? | Metals, like copper and aluminum, are good conductors of heat. |
| What is an example of a good insulator of heat? | Materials like wood, plastic, and rubber are good insulators of heat. |
| What type of object creates the darkest shadow | An opaque object, because it blocks all the light. |
| What is the effect of heat on the state of matter? | Heat can change the state of matter, such as melting a solid into a liquid or evaporating a liquid into a gas. |
| What is thermal expansion? | Thermal expansion is when materials expand or get bigger when they are heated. |
| What is the difference between a conductor and an insulator? | A conductor allows heat to pass through it easily, while an insulator does not |
| What happens to the particles in a substance when it is heated? | The particles move faster and spread apart. |
| How does the angle of light affect the length of a shadow? | When the light source is low (like in the morning or evening), shadows are longer. When the light source is high (like at noon), shadows are shorter. |
| What is the greenhouse effect? | The greenhouse effect is the warming of the Earth’s surface due to the trapping of heat by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. |
| Why do metal objects feel hotter than wooden objects when both are left in the sun? | Metal objects are good conductors of heat, so they absorb and transfer heat more quickly than wooden objects, which are insulators. |
| What is reflection? | Reflection is when light bounces off a surface, like a mirror. |
| What is refraction? | Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one material to another, like from air to water. |
| What is the effect of heating a magnet? | Heating a magnet can cause it to lose its magnetic properties. |
| What is the effect of hammering a magnet? | Hammering a magnet can also cause it to lose its magnetic properties. |
| What happens to the magnetic field when two magnets are placed close to each other with like poles facing each other? | When two magnets are placed close to each other with like poles (e.g., North-North or South-South) facing each other, they repel each other, and the magnetic field lines between them spread out. |
| How can you determine the strength of a magnet? | The strength of a magnet can be determined by how many paperclips or other small metal objects it can attract and hold. |
| What is the effect of cutting a magnet in half? | When a magnet is cut in half, each half becomes a new magnet with its own North and South poles. |
| Why do magnets attract certain metals but not others? | Magnets attract metals that have magnetic properties, such as iron, nickel, and cobalt, because their atomic structure allows their magnetic domains to align with the magnetic field. |
| What is the difference between a bar magnet and an electromagnet? | A bar magnet is a permanent magnet that always has a magnetic field, while an electromagnet is a temporary magnet created by passing an electric current through a coil of wire wrapped around a metal core. |
| How can you make an electromagnet stronger? | You can make an electromagnet stronger by increasing the number of coils of wire, increasing the current passing through the wire, or using a metal core with better magnetic properties. |
| What is magnetic induction? | Magnetic induction is the process by which a material can be magnetized by placing it in a magnetic field. |
| How can you demagnetize a magnet? | A magnet can be demagnetized by heating it to a high temperature, hammering it, or placing it in an alternating magnetic field. |
| What is the main difference between living and non-living things? | Living things can grow, reproduce, and respond to their environment, while non-living things cannot. |
| What are the basic needs of living things? | The basic needs of living things are food, water, air, and shelter. |
| What are the four main groups of living things? | The fourmain groups of living things are animals, plants, fungi, bacteria |
| How are animals classified? | Animals are classified into groups such as mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish based on their characteristics. |
| What is a characteristic of mammals? | Mammals have fur or hair and produce milk to feed their young. |
| What is a characteristic of birds? | Birds have feathers, wings, and lay eggs. |
| How are plants classified? | Plants are classified into groups such as flowering plants and non-flowering plants based on their characteristics. |
| What are the three main types of materials? | The three main types of materials are natural materials, man-made materials, and mixed materials. |
| What are the properties of materials? | Properties of materials include hardness, flexibility, transparency, and conductivity. |
| What is the property of a material that allows it to be stretched without breaking? | The property of a material that allows it to be stretched without breaking is called elasticity. |
| What is the property of a material that allows it to conduct electricity? | he property of a material that allows it to conduct electricity is called electrical conductivity. |
| What is the property of a material that allows light to pass through it? | The property of a material that allows light to pass through it is called transparency. |
| What are the characteristics of living things? | Living things need air, food, and water to survive, can grow, reproduce, and respond to changes in their environment. |
| How can you tell if something is non-living? | Non-living things do not grow, reproduce, or respond to their environment. They do not need air, food, or water to survive. |
| What is a characteristic of reptiles? | Reptiles have dry, scaly skin and lay eggs. |
| What are natural materials? | Natural materials are materials that come from nature, such as wood, cotton, and wool. |
| What are man-made materials? | Man-made materials are materials that are created by humans, such as plastic, glass, and steel. |
| What is the property of a material that allows it to bend without breaking? | The property of a material that allows it to bend without breaking is called flexibility. |
| What is the difference between transparent and opaque materials? | Transparent materials allow light to pass through them, while opaque materials do not allow light to pass through them. |
| What are the stages of a plant’s life cycle? | The stages of a plant’s life cycle are seed, germination, seedling, adult plant, and flowering. |
| What happens during germination? | During germination, a seed absorbs water, swells, and begins to sprout roots and shoots. |
| What is the role of flowers in a plant’s life cycle? | Flowers are responsible for reproduction. They produce seeds that grow into new plants |
| How do seeds disperse? | Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the male part of the flower (anther) to the female part (stigma) to fertilize the plant and produce seeds. |
| What are the stages of a butterfly’s life cycle? | The stages of a butterfly’s life cycle are egg, larva (caterpillar), pupa (chrysalis), and adult butterfly. |
| What happens during the larva stage of a butterfly? | During the larva stage, the caterpillar eats leaves and grows rapidly, shedding its skin several times. |
| What is metamorphosis? | Metamorphosis is the process of transformation that some animals go through during their life cycle, such as a caterpillar turning into a butterfly. |
| What are the stages of a frog’s life cycle? | The stages of a frog’s life cycle are egg, tadpole, tadpole with legs, froglet, and adult frog. |
| What happens during the tadpole stage of a frog? | During the tadpole stage, the frog lives in water, breathes through gills, and gradually develops legs and lungs to become a froglet. |
| What is the difference between complete and incomplete metamorphosis? | Complete metamorphosis has four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. Incomplete metamorphosis has three stages: egg, nymph, and adult. |
| Give an example of an animal that undergoes complete metamorphosis. | A butterfly undergoes complete metamorphosis. |
| Give an example of an animal that undergoes incomplete metamorphosis. | A grasshopper undergoes incomplete metamorphosis. |
| What is the role of the seed coat in a plant’s life cycle? | The seed coat protects the seed from damage and disease until it is ready to germinate. |
| Why is it important for seeds to disperse away from the parent plant? | It is important for seeds to disperse away from the parent plant to reduce competition for resources like sunlight, water, and nutrients. |
| What happens during the seedling stage of a plant’s life cycle? | During the seedling stage, the young plant grows roots, stems, and leaves. |
| What is the role of the fruit in a plant’s life cycle? | The fruit protects the seeds and helps in their dispersal. |
| How do plants reproduce? | Plants reproduce by producing seeds through the process of pollination and fertilization. |
| What is the process called when a seed begins to grow? | The process when a seed begins to grow is called germination. |
| What are the stages of a chicken’s life cycle? | The stages of a chicken’s life cycle are egg, chick, and adult chicken. |
| How do amphibians like frogs start their life cycle? | Amphibians like frogs start their life cycle as eggs laid in water. Additional Que |
| How do environmental factors affect the life cycle of plants and animals? | Environmental factors such as temperature, water, and light can affect the growth, development, and reproduction of plants and animals. |
| What is the significance of seed dispersal in the life cycle of plants? | Seed dispersal is significant because it helps spread the seeds to new locations where they can grow into new plants, reducing competition for resources. |
| What is the difference between a nymph and a larva? | A nymph is a young form of an insect that undergoes incomplete metamorphosis and resembles the adult, while a larva is a young form of an insect that undergoes complete metamorphosis and looks very different from the adult. |
| What is the function of leaves in a plant’s life cycle? | Leaves are responsible for photosynthesis, which is the process of making food for the plant using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide. |
| What is the role of roots in a plant’s life cycle? | Roots anchor the plant in the soil and absorb water and nutrients needed for growth. |
| What are the stages of a mosquito’s life cycle? | The stages of a mosquito’s life cycle are egg, larva, pupa, and adult. |
| How do amphibians like frogs adapt to their environment during their life cycle? | Frogs start their life cycle in water as eggs and tadpoles, then develop lungs and legs to live on land as adult frogs. |
| What is the role of the stem in a plant’s life cycle? | The stem supports the plant, transports water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves and carries food from the leaves to the rest of the plant. |
| What are the main parts of the circulatory system? | The main parts of the circulatory system are the heart, blood, and blood vessels. |
| What is the function of the respiratory system? | The function of the respiratory system is to take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide. |
| What are the main parts of the digestive system? | The main parts of the digestive system are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine |
| What is the function of the skeletal system? | The function of the skeletal system is to support and protect the body and allow movement. |
| What is an electromagnet? | An electromagnet is a type of magnet created by passing an electric current through a coil of wire wrapped around a metal core. |
| What are some common uses of magnets in everyday life? | Magnets are used in many everyday items, such as refrigerator doors, speakers, electric motors, and compasses. |
| What is the difference between a permanent magnet and a temporary magnet? | A permanent magnet keeps its magnetic properties for a long time, while a temporary magnet only acts like a magnet when it is in the presence of a magnetic field. |
| What is a magnetic field and how can it be visualized? | A magnetic field is the area around a magnet where its magnetic force can be felt. It can be visualized using iron filings, which align along the magnetic field lines when sprinkled around a magnet. |
| What happens when you place a piece of iron near a magnet? | When you place a piece of iron near a magnet, it becomes magnetized and is attracted to the magnet. |
| What is the difference between a bar magnet and a horseshoe magnet? | A bar magnet is a straight magnet with North and South Poles at opposite ends, while a horseshoe magnet is shaped like a U, bringing the poles closer together to create a stronger magnetic field in the gap. |
| How are magnets used in everyday technology? | Magnets are used in everyday technology such as in electric motors, generators, magnetic locks, and data storage devices like hard drives. |
| What is the advantage of using an electromagnet over a permanent magnet? | The advantage of using an electromagnet over a permanent magnet is that its magnetic strength can be controlled by adjusting the electric current, and it can be turned on and off. |
| What is the effect of placing a magnet near a compass? | Placing a magnet near a compass can cause the compass needle to deflect or point away from the Earth’s magnetic North Pole, as the magnet creates its own magnetic field. |
| How can you demagnetize a magnet? | You can demagnetize a magnet by heating it, hammering it, or placing it in an alternating magnetic field. |
| What is the role of magnets in electric motors? | In electric motors, magnets create a magnetic field that interacts with the electric current in the motor’s coils, producing motion. |
| Which of the following is NOT a source of heat? (1)The Sun (2)A lighted lamp (3)A candle flame (4)A woollen jacket | (4)A woollen jacket |
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