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Unit 3 AP Psych Test
| Answer | Definition |
|---|---|
| Transparent structures that change shape. | Accomodation |
| The lingering opposite colors after looking at an image. It is related to the opponent process theory. See an image of complimentary color. | Afterimage |
| Amplitude: | Amplitude |
| Depth cues that depend on 2 eyes | Binocular depth cues |
| Depth cues are available to either eye alone, relative height, size, interposition, motion, linear, light, and shadow. | monocular dpeth cues |
| : Cartically blind to respond to visual stimuli that they dont consciously see due plus lesions in primary visual cortex. Objects moved to left but they knew it moved to the left. But couldn't see it. | blindsight |
| Where optic nerve meets retina, no photoreceptors. It occurs because there are no nerves receiving light. Vision doesn’t get clear. | blindspot |
| Start at sensory receptors and work up to higher levels of processing. Start at bv looking at all individual elements before processing something as a whole. | bottom up processing |
| : Constructs perceptions from sensory input based on experience and expectations. Starting with the whole and breaking things down bit by bit. | top down processing |
| Failing to notice changes in the environment around you. (Don’t notice the sun setting). | change blindness |
| Ways in which people are blind to their own choices and preferences. Change deafness can occur. | choice blindness |
| You can listen to one other person and drown out the others in a room. But if someone says your name your mind will bring that person into your conscious awareness. Switching between tasks and driving increases accident rates becaus | cocktail party effect |
| See colors differently. Red green, blue yellow, black white. Blue red. | color vision deficincies |
| Hearing loss caused by damage ti the mechanical system outer ear. That conducts sound to waves to the cochlea. Occur in conjunction with sensorineural hearing loss or happen alone. | conduction hearing loss |
| Minimum difference between 2 stimuli required for detection 50% of the time. Different shades of pink. | difference threshold |
| Bodily sensation gestures and other states on cognitive preferences hear verse light. Clipboard makes people feel important. Rought object make social interactions hard. | embodided cognition |
| The spinal cord has 2 small nerve fibers to conduct pain signals and large fibers to conduct other signals. Pain opens neurological gate for small fibers bur large activity gate closes. | gate control theory |
| German for whole. Psychologists emphasize interrogating pieces of info into meaningful wholes. The whole may exceed the sum of its parts. Blue circles with white lines, you see cupe. The brain does more than register info about the wor | gestalt principles |
| Act of tasting. 6 tastes esist sweet, salty, sour, bitter, unami, olegusutus. Food chemicals stimulate the pores of each bud. Sense food molecules. Reproduce every week of 2. Expectations can also influence taste. | gustation |
| Failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere. (almost get hit by a car). | innatentional blindness |
| System for sensing position and movement of individual body parts. | kinesthesia |
| Transparent structure that changes share to focus light. Change shape to look at things near and far. Focused by lens onto lens on own retina. | lens |
| Wavelength is amplitude which is height which determines its intensity which is brightness. Short wavelength is blush colors and long wavelength is redish colors. Great amplitude is brighter colors and small ampli | light energy |
| Effect of lip reading on hearing. | mcgurk effect |
| Distracting yourself from it. | methods of controlling pain |
| When the lens focuses on a point in front of a retina you will see near objects closely but not distant objects. | nearsightness myopia |
| Sensory receptors that detect hurtful temperature, pressures, or chemcicals. | nociceptors |
| Substance in air that reach tiny clusters of 20 million receptors cells at the top of nostrils. Detect 10000 different smells. Signals based via neurons and transmitters to high area of brain. Smells evoke vivid memory because nerves passes inf | olfaction |
| Afterimages is the lingering opposite colors after looking at an image. It is related to the opponent process theory. Uou may see an image of complementary color. | opponent process theory |
| Processing many aspects of a problem simultaneously. This is how a brain naturally processes info including vision. Brain avoids visual info that subvisions-motion, form, depth color. | parrallel procesising |
| the brain's ability to adjust and adapt to changes in sensory input over time.Imagine a customer walking into a bakery that smells overwhelmingly of freshly baked bread. Initially, the aroma is strong and noticeable, but after spend | perceptual adaptiion |
| Brain misinterprets CNS activity as normla sensory input. 70% amputees feel movement in limbs but not present. | phantom limbic sensations |
| \ readiness to perceive stimuli in a particular way based on previous experiences, expectations, beliefs, and context | perceptual set |
| the perceptual correlate of waveform periodicity, or repetition rate: The faster a waveform repeats over time, the higher its perceived pitch is. | pitch |
| Distracting youself from pain can make it hurt less. Edit our memories of pain to remember peak of pain or the amount at the end. | psychological infliuences on pain |
| Perceive pain when other perceive pain. Own brains mirror other people when they are fearing pain. Cultural expectations influences on pain. Men push through pain and not be weak. | socail culture influences on pain |
| Light-sensitive multilayered inner surface on the back of the eye. Made of rods and cones, neurons that have been in visual info. | retina |
| Eyes are 2.5 apart. Retinas get slightly different images comparing these 2 images allows your brain to judge how close an object is. Movies make use of this to make 3D movies. | retinal disparity |
| Retinal receptor that detects blocks, whites, and greys sensitive to movement and brightness, necessary for low light and peripheral vision. | rods |
| Retinal receptors concentrated near the center of the retina that function better in well-lit conditions. Perceives color and fine detail. | cones |
| Hearing loss caused by damage to cochlea receptor cells or to the auditory nerve. Caused by disease, hereditary, aging, prolonged exposure to loud noise. | semicircular canals |
| Focusing conscious awareness on a particular stimulus. The 5 senses take in 11,000,000 bits of information per second. We only consciously process 40 bits. | selective attention |
| Hearing loss caused by damage to the inner ear or the nerve from the ear to the brain, caused by long time of high pitch noise. | sensorineural hearing loss |
| Diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation to unchanging stimuli. Getting into the pool cold and then not. Sight is different because eyes are constantly moving. INFO going into the eyes is always changing. We can | sensory adaptation |
| process by which our five senses work with and influence each other. | sensory interaction |
| The brain perceives continuous motion in a rapid series of slightly varying images. Moves flashes at least 24 still pictures per second. Blinking marquees holiday lights. | stroboscopic motion |
| Pinna, auditory canal, tympanic membrane, hammer, stirrup, cochlea, oval window, basilar membrane, organ of corti, hair cells. | structure of the ear |
| : Light passes through the front of the eye (cornea) to the lens. The cornea and the lens help to focus the light rays onto the back of the eye (retina). The cells in the retina absorb and convert the light to | structure of the eye |
| More intense sense of taste find more flavors intense. Sugar more sweet salt more slaty. | supertasters |
| AN average amount of ability to sense flavors. | medium |
| Less taste perception. Very few buds and food seems bland and unexciting. | nontasters |
| Sweet, sour, salty, bitter, Umai, oleogustus):Umai is meaty, savory deliciousness that deepens flavor. Oleogustus is oily or fatty taste. | taste sensations |
| Act of tasting. The act of tasting. Six taste sensations exist and stimulate the taste buds. 200 or more exist in each little bump on your tongue. Food chemicals stimulate the pores of each of these buds where antenna-like hairs sense foo | taste receptors |
| : Converting one form of energy to another. In sensation sensory receptor transforms stimulus energies. (light, air, vibrations, chemical, stimuli) into neural impulses, your brain can inherit. | transduction |
| provides the sense of balance and the information about body position that allows rapid compensatory movements in response to both self-induced and externally generated forces. FLuid in ear makes you dizzy if it is moving. | vestibular sense |
| \Experiments that have babies crawl out onto the glass over a drop off. Most refuse to do so, indicating that they could percieve depth danger. | visual cliff |
| optic nerve. the second cranial nerve (CN II) responsible for transmitting visual information. The optic nerve contains only afferent (sensory) fibers and is paired like all cranial nerves. | visual nerve |
| when high frequency sounds are experienced too frequently for a single neuron to adequately process and fire for each sound event, the organs of the ear combine the multiple stimuli into a "volley" in order to process the sounds. neurons of | volley theory |
| : Two stimuli must differ by a constant percentage not amount. Two lights 8%. Needs to be 8% different for us to pick it up. Constant. | webers law |
| Retinas red green and blue cones respond in varying degrees to different color stimuli. Both occur when there are issues with the eyes functioning cones. | young helmohltz trichromaric thoery |
Created by:
Pettymac
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