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science final 7
genetics review
| question | answer |
|---|---|
| What is heredity? | the passing of physical characteristics from parent to offspring |
| What are genetics? | the scientific study of heredity |
| What are traits? | each differentform of a characteristic, such as stem hight or seed color |
| Who was Mendel? | a scientist who studied genetics and how traits were iherited in pea plants |
| What organisms did Mendel study? | pea plants |
| what is a gene? | a factor that controls a trait |
| where do offspring inherit their genes for a particular trait from | from their 2 parents |
| what is an allele | different forms of a gene |
| what is a dominant allele | one whose trait always shows up when the allele is present |
| what is a recessive allele | one that is hidden whenever the dominant allele is present |
| what is codominance | a condition in which neither of two alleles of a gene is dominent or recessive so both alleles are expressed in the offspring |
| what is a purebred organism | the offspring of many generations that have the same traits |
| what is a hybrid organism | has two different alleles for a trait |
| what is a genotype | an organism's genetic makeup or allele combinations |
| what does a genotype of TT mean | that the trait is dominant |
| what doet the genotype tt mean | that the trait is recessive |
| what does the genotype Tt mean | that the trait is dominant |
| what is a phenotype | organisms physical apperance or visable traits |
| what allele will a hybrid organism show | the dominant allele |
| what is a homozygous genotype | an organism that has two identical alleles for a trait |
| what are the two possible letter combinations for a homozygous genotype | BB and bb |
| what is a heterozygous genotype | an organism that has 2 different alleles for a trait |
| what will the letters look like in a heterozygous genotype | Bb |
| what does probability predict in genetics | probability predicts the traits that are likely to occur as a result of genetic crosses |
| what predicts the results of a particular event | probability |
| what 2 things does a punnett square tell you about the offspring? | 1) all of the possible outcomes of a genetic cross 2)Determines the probability of a particular outcome |
| punnett square | a chart that shows all the possible combinations of allelles that can result from a genetic cross |
| if a homozygous tall parent crosses with a homozygous short parent, what is the prbability that the offspring will be tall? | 4 out of 4 times |
| how do you represent a recessive allele? | with a lower case letter |
| how do you represent a dominant allele? | With a capital or upper case letter |
| what organism did Sutton study? | sex cells in grasshoppers |
| What is the chromosome theory of inheritance? | genes are carried from parents to their offspring on chromosomes |
| where does an offspring get each chromosome in a chromosome pair? | one from the male and one from the female |
| what does DNA make up? | DNA makes up chromosomes |
| where does an offspring get each of its alleles for a specific trait? | one from the male parent and one from the female parent |
| Where are genes found? | on chromosomes |
Created by:
KrystalMac
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