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Chapter 11
Special Senses: The Eyes & Ears (Vocabulary Words)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Adnexa | The accessory/adjoining parts of an organ |
| Amblyopia | Dimness of vision/the partial loss of sight, especially in one eye, without detectable disease of the eye |
| Ametropia | Any error of refraction in which images do not focus properly on the retina |
| Anisocoria | A condition in which the pupils are unequal in size |
| Astigmatism | A condition in which the eye does not focus properly because of uneven curvature of the cornea |
| Audiometry | The use of an audiometer to measure hearing acuity |
| Cataract | The loss of transparency of the lens of the eye that causes a progressive loss of visual clarity |
| Chalazion | A nodule/cyst, usually on the upper eyelid, caused by obstruction of a sebaceous gland |
| Cochlear Implant | An electronic device that bypasses the damaged portion of the ear & directly stimulates the auditory nerve |
| Conjunctivitis | Inflammation of the conjunctiva, usually caused by a viral infection, allergy/irritants |
| Dacryoadenitis | An inflammation of the lacrimal gland caused by a bacterial, viral/fungal infection |
| Diplopia | The perception of two images of a single object |
| Ectropion | The eversion of the edge of an eyelid |
| Emmetropia | The normal relationship between the refractive power of the eye & the shape of the eye that enables light rays to focus correctly on the retina |
| Entropion | The inversion of the edge of an eyelid |
| Esotropia | Strabismus characterized by an inward deviation of one/both eyes |
| Exotropia | Strabismus characterized by the outward deviation of one eye relative to the other |
| Fluorescein Angiography | A photographic study of the blood vessels in the back of the eye following the intravenous injection of fluorescein dye as a contrast medium |
| Glaucoma | A group of diseases characterized by increased intraocular pressure that causes damage to the optic nerve & retinal nerve fibers |
| Hemianopia | Blindness in one half of the visual field |
| Hordeolum | A pus-filled lesion on the eyelid resulting from an infection in a sebaceous gland |
| Hyperopia | A vision defect in which light rays focus behind the retina; also known as farsightedness |
| Infectious Myringitis | A contagious inflammation that causes painful blisters on the eardrum |
| Iritis | Inflammation of the uvea primarily affecting structures in the front of the eye |
| Keratitis | Inflammation of the cornea |
| Labyrinthectomy | Surgical removal of all/a portion of the labyrith of the ear |
| Laser Iridotomy | A procedure using a focused beam of light to create a hole in the iris of the eye |
| Laser Trabeculoplasty | Treatment of open-angle glaucoma by creating openings in the trabecular meshwork to allow fluid to drain properly |
| Mastoidectomy | Surgical removal of part of the mastoid process |
| Mydriasis | The dilation of the pupil |
| Myopia | A defect in which light rays focus in front of the retina; also known as nearsightedness |
| Myringotomy | A small surgical incision in the eardrum to relieve pressure from excess pus/fluid/to create an opening for the placement of ear tubes |
| Nyctalopia | A condition in which an individual with normal daytime vision has difficulty seeing at night |
| Nystagmus | An involuntary, constant, rhythmic movement of the eyeball that can be congenital/caused by a neurological injury/drug use |
| Ophthalmoscopy | The visual examination of the fundus of the eye with ophthalmoscope |
| Optometrist | Holds a doctor of optometry degree & provides primary eye care, including diagnosing eye diseases, conditions, & measuring the accuracy of vision to determine whether corrective lenses are needed |
| Otitis Media | Inflammation of the middle ear |
| Otomycosis | A fungal infection of the external auditory canal |
| Otopyorrhea | The flow of pus from the ear |
| Otorrhea | Any discharge from the ear |
| Otosclerosis | Ankylosis of the bones of the middle ear resulting in a conductive hearing loss |
| Papilledema | Swelling & inflammation of the optic nerve at the point of entrance into the eye through the optic duct |
| Periorbital Edema | Swelling of the tissues surrounding the eye/eyes |
| Photophobia | Excessive sensitivity to light & can be the result of migraines, excessive wearing of contact lenses, drug use/inflammation |
| Pneumatic Retinopexy | A surgery in which a gas bubble is injected into the vitreous cavity to put pressure on the detached area in a retinal detachment while it heals |
| Presbycusis | A gradual sensorineural hearing loss that occurs as the body ages |
| Presbyopia | Condition of common changes in the eyes that occur with aging |
| Ptosis | Drooping of the upper eyelid that is usually due to muscle weakness/paralysis |
| Radial Keratotomy | A surgical procedure to treat myopia |
| Scleritis | Inflammation of the sclera of the eye |
| Sensorineural Hearing Loss | Hearing loss that develops when the auditory nerve/hair cells in the inner ear are damaged |
| Stapedectomy | Surgical removal of the stapes bone & the insertion of a prosthetic device that conducts sound vibrations to the inner ear |
| Strabismus | A disorder in which the eyes point in different directions/are not aligned correctly because the eye muscles are unable to focus together |
| Tarsorrhaphy | The partial/complete suturing together of the upper & lower eyelids to protect the eye when the lids are paralyzed & unable to close normally/to help corneal lesions heal |
| Tinnitus | A condition of ringing, buzzing/roaring sound in one/both ears |
| Tonometry | The measurement of intraocular pressure |
| Tympanometry | The use of air pressure in the ear canal to test for disorders of the middle ear |
| Vertigo | A sense of whirling, dizziness, & the loss of balance, often combined with nausea & vomiting |
| Vitrectomy | The removal of the vitreous humor in the eye & its replacement with a saline solution |
| Xerophthalmia | Drying of eye surfaces, including the conjunctiva |
Created by:
Alanna Baldwin
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