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Chapter 15
Diagnostic Procedures, Pharmacology, & Complementary Medicine (Vocabulary Words)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Acetaminophen | Analgesic that reduces pain & fever but does not relieve inflammation |
| Acupuncture | A traditional Chinese medical practice using very thin acupuncture needles inserted into specific points of the body to restore the flow of qi |
| Adherence | Also called compliance; the patient's consistency & accuracy in following the regimen (Directions/Rules) prescribed by a physician/other health care professional |
| Albuminuria | The presence of the protein albumin in the urine |
| Analgesic | Refers to the class of drugs that relieves pain without affecting consciousness |
| Antipyretic | Medication administered to prevent/reduce fever |
| Arthrocentesis | Surgical puncture of the joint space to remove synovial fluid for analysis to determine the cause of pain/swelling in a joint |
| Auscultation | Listening for sounds within the body, usually performed with a stethoscope |
| Bacteriuria | The presence of bacteria in the urine |
| Bruit | An abnormal sound/murmur heard during auscultation of an artery |
| Calciuria | The presence of calcium in the urine |
| Computed Tomography | A scan that uses a thin, fanshaped X-ray beam that rotates around the patient to produce multiple cross-sectional views of the body |
| Contraindication | A factor in the patient's condition that makes the use of a medication/specific treatment dangerous/ill advised |
| Creatinuria | An increased concentration of creatinine in the urine |
| Echocardiography | An ultrasonic diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the structures & motion of the heart |
| Endoscope | A small, flexible tube with a light & a lens on the end |
| Fluoroscopy | The visualization of body parts in motion by projecting X-ray images on a luminous fluorescent screen |
| Glycosuria | The presence of glucose in the urine |
| Hematocrit | A blood test that measures the percentage, by volume, of a blood sample occupied by red cells; this test is used to diagnose abnormal states of hydration |
| Hematuria | The presence of blood in the urine |
| Hyperthermia | An extremely high body temperature |
| Hypothermia | An abnormally low body temperature |
| Idiosyncratic Reaction | An unexpected reaction to a drug that is peculiar to the individual |
| Interventional Radiology | The use of radiographic imaging to guide a procedure/confirm placement of an inserted object |
| Intradermal Injection | The administration of medication by injection into the middle layers of the skin |
| Intramuscular Injection | The administration of medication by injection directly into muscle tissue |
| Intravenous Injection | The administration of medication by injection directly into a vein |
| Ketonuria | The presence of ketones in the urine |
| Laparoscopy | Visual examination of the interior of the abdomen with the use of a laparoscope |
| Lithotomy Position | An examination position in which the patient is lying on the back, face up, with the feet & legs raised & supported in stirrups |
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging | An imaging technique that uses a combination of radio waves & a strong magnetic field to create signals that are sent to a computer & converted into images of any plane through the body |
| Ophthalmoscope | An instrument used to examine the interior of the eye |
| Otoscope | An instrument used to visually examine the external ear canal & tympanic membrane |
| Palliative | A substance that eases the pain/severity of a disease but does not cure it |
| Parenteral | Taken into the body/administered in a manner other than through the digestive tract |
| Percussion | A diagnostic procedure designed to determine the density of a body part by the sound produced by tapping the surface with the fingers |
| Perfusion | The flow of blood through an organ |
| Pericardiocentesis | The puncture of the pericardial sac for the purpose of removing fluid |
| Phlebotomy | The puncture of a vein for the purpose of drawing blood |
| Placebo | An inactive substance, such as a sugar pill/liquid, that is administered only for its suggestive effects |
| Positron Emission Tomography | An imaging technique that combines computed tomography with radionuclide tracers, usually inserted into a vein, to produce enhanced images of selected body organs/areas |
| Prone Position | A position in which the patient lies face down on the abdomen |
| Proteinuria | The presence of an abnormal amount of protein in the urine |
| Pyuria | The presence of pus in the urine |
| Radiolucent | The substance, such as air/nitrogen gas, allows X-rays to pass through & appears black/dark gray on the resulting film |
| Radiopaque | A substance that does not allow X-rays to pass through & appears white/light gray on the resulting film |
| Rales | Abnormal crackle-like lung sounds heard through a stethoscope during inspiration (Breathing In) |
| Recumbent | Any position in which the patient is lying down |
| Rhonchi | A coarse, rattling sound somewhat like snoring, usually caused by secretions in the bronchial airways |
| Sims' Position | An examination position in which the patient is lying on the left side with the right knee & thigh drawn up with the left arm placed along the back |
| Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography | A type of nuclear imaging test that produces 3D computer-reconstructed images showing perfusion through tissues & organs |
| Speculum | An instrument used to enlarge the opening of any canal/cavity to facilitate inspection of its interior |
| Sphygmomanometer | Instrument used to measure the force of the blood against the walls of the arteries |
| Stethoscope | An instrument used to listen to sounds within the body |
| Stridor | An abnormal, high-pitched, musical breathing sound caused by a blockage in the throat/larynx |
| Subcutaneous Injection | The administration of medication by injection into the fatty layer just below the skin |
| Transdermal | The administration of medication through the unbroken skin so that it is absorbed continuously to produce a systemic effect |
| Transesophageal Echocardiography | An ultrasonic imaging technique that is performed from inside the esophagus to evaluate heart structures |
| Ultrasonography | The imaging of deep body structures by recording the echoes of sound wave pulses that are above the range of human hearing; also known as ultrasound |
| Urinalysis | The examination of the physical & chemical properties of urine to determine the presence of abnormal elements |
Created by:
Alanna Baldwin
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