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Unit 5 chapter 8
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Solid | closely packed particles cause matter to have a definite shape and definite volume. |
Crystalline solids Example: salt, sugar, and snow. | particles form a regular repeating pattern called crystals. |
Amorphous solids Example: Glass, plastic, and rubber. | particles not arranged in a repeating pattern. |
Liquid | particles are free to move so a liquid has a definite volume but no definite shape. |
Surface Tension | An inward force, or pull among the molecules in a liquid that brings the molecules on the surface closer together. |
Viscosity Example: Honey has a high viscosity. | A liquid's resistance to flowing. |
Gas | particles are able to move and spread out filling all space available, thus gases has no definite shape or definite volume. |
Pressure Pressure= Force/Area | gas particles constantly collide with one another and the walls of their container. Pressure is the outward push divided by the area of the walls of the container. Pressure= Force/Area. |
Temperature | the higher the temperature the faster particles moving. |
Melting | When a solid changes to a liquid |
Melting point | the temperature at which a substance melts |
Freezing | When a liquid changes to a solid |
Freezing point | the temperature when a substance freezes. |
Evaporation | takes place only on the surface of the liquid. |
Boiling | When vaporization occurs both below the and at the surface |
Boiling Point | Temperature at which a liquid boils |
Condensation | When a gas changes to a liquid |
Sublimation | When a substance changes straight from a solid to a gas Example: Dry Ice |
Charles’s Law | When the temperature of a gas at a constant pressure is increased the volume is increased, if the temperature is decreased then the volume is decreased. |
Boyles Law | When the pressure of a gas at a constant temperature is increased the volume is decreases, if the temperature is decreased then the volume is increases. |
Directly proportional | as one amount increases, another amount increases at the same rate. |
Inversely proportional | When the value of one variable increases, the other decreases. |
Vaporization | When a liquid changes to a gas |
Gay-Lussac’s law | When the temperature of a gas at a constant volume is increased the pressure is increased. If the temperature is decreased then the pressure is decreased. |