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Hearing Aids

Audiology Exam 4

QuestionAnswer
Why are hearing aids an extremely important topic for AuDs and SLPs? Profits in the field of Audiology are largely derived from hearing aid sale AND pediatric populations with hearing loss are at risk of problems with speech and language development.
What do hearing aids do? They Aid Hearing
Hearing aids are not capable of? Restoring natural organic hearing
Hearing aids are able to make speech _______, but not always _________ Audible, understandable
Hearing aids allow for? What are some examples of these sounds? Greater audibility of environmental sounds: Birds chirping, leaves, Fans, car blinker
Hearing aids restore? Loudness experience (but not perfect)
With hearing aids, many patients report? Improvement in speech clarity in quite environments and sometimes in noisy environments.
Many patients report improvement in speech clarity in quite environments and sometimes in noisy environments depend on what? Many variables
Oldest “Hearing Aid” can Add? ~ 12 dB of gain at 1 kHz
________ hearing aids first introduced in _______ Electric Table top, 1800s
_______ Hearing Aids became popular from mid _______ Body worn, 1900s
Gain The amount of amplification that has been added to the input level (dB)
Output The total amount of sound that a HA produces for a given signal
Output: ______ + _______ = ______ Gain + Input = Output
Maximum Power Output (MPO) The Maximum possible output of a HA
Distortion The amount of unwanted signals or noise produced by hearing aid
Equivalent Noise The amount of noise produced when no input signal is present
What are the components of the hearing aid? Microphone, Amplifier, Output, Receiver, Batteries
Microphone A device that detects and transfers acoustic energy into an electric signal
Omni-Directional Microphone Picks up sound from all directions
Directional Microphones Many hearing aids have 2 microphones used to increase directionality
Microphones susceptible to: 1. Moister, Water 2. Vibrations 3. Wind Noise 4. Static Noise
Traditional Methods of Amplifying sound is - No longer used
Conventional Amplifier • Analog circuit- can not be adjusted • No dynamic compression
Programmable Amplifier • Analog circuit – allows minimal adjustments • Trim pots and volume control Hearing Aid Components Amplifier
Modern hearing aid technology all use? Digital sound processors
Hearing Aid Components- Amplifier requires? An Analog-to-digital Converter (since microphone turns acoustic energy into analog electric signal)
Once a signal is digitalized, the Digital Signal processor (DSP) does what? Assigns frequencies of sound to channels
Modern hearing Aid has? Multiple Channels
Gain can then be applied to each channel as needed by? The hearing loss
he more Channels= The Better Resolution
Peak Clipping Cuts all sound output above a certain level
Peak Clipping ________ is _______ until sound reaches certain limit Amplification, Linear
Peak Clipping often adds what two things? Distortion and sounds unnatural
Compression Creates non-linear gain profile
Compression allows? More sounds to fit into the same dynamic range
Cutoff level is set to? Patients comfort level
Compression sounds? More natural than peak clipping
The receiver is a? Speaker
Receiver (speaker) Takes amplified electrical signal and converts back into an acoustic signal
The receiver comes in different sizes depending on? How much amplification is needed for the patients hearing loss
Receivers are easily ________ or blocked by __________ Damaged, cerumen
The larger the receiver – The larger capable output level
The receiver is vulnerable to? Moisture damage
Types of Hearing Aid Batteries 1. Disposable 2. Rechargeable
Modern Disposable batteries are? Zinc-Air
Modern Disposable batteries are activated by? Exposure to air – removing tab
Modern Disposable batteries last for how long? Approximately 1 week
Modern Disposable batteries larger size = Longer life
Phonak Integrated rechargeable battery
Rechargeable Batteries • Charge over night – last all day • Zpower allows for the use of disposable batteries as well (Zpower failed!)
How can hearing aids be classified? 1. Hearing aid style 2. How the aid is coupled to the ear 3. Hearing aid technology level
What are some hearing aid styles? Behind The Ear (BTE), In The Ear (ITE), Completely In Canal (CIC), Invisible In Canal (IIC), Receiver In Canal (RIC)
Behind the Ear (BTE) All electrical components located in the body of the hearing aid positioned behind the pinna
BTE style requires that sound be? Pushed through the tone hook/ear hook and tubing to reach the ear canal
Behind the Ear (BTE) changes? Changes resonance properties
Pediatrics Always Get what kind of hearing aids? BTE Hearing Aids
Why do pediatrics always get BTE Hearing Aids? 1Change ear mold frequently as child grows 2. Connection to FM system 3. More durable 4. Hearing aid manufacture often make their pediatric hearing aids in BTE style retrofitted with indicator lights, tamper proof battery doors, and fun child colors
Behind the Ear (BTE) – Slim-Tube is more _____ appealing to Patients Aesthetically
Most patients can ________ the Behind the Ear (BTE) Slim-Tube themselves Change
Behind the Ear (BTE) – Slim-Tube can be coupled to ear using either? Custom ear mold or dome fitting
What is the most popular hearing aid style right now? Receiver In Canal (RIC)
Receiver In Canal (RIC) looks like ______, how? BTE – Mic ports, battery, DSP chip positioned behind the ear – receiver connected by thin wire is positioned in the Canal
Receiver In Canal (RIC) can use custom Custom Mold or Dome Fitting
Bone Anchored Hearing Aid Hearing aid that uses bone conduction to transmit signal
What are Bone Anchored Hearing Aids used for? • For conductive hearing loss • Chronically draining ear or ear infections • Any situations that is unable to be fit with traditional air conduction hearing aid
Tele coil (T Coil) Picks up magnetic field and sends to the hearing aid.
Tele coil (T Coil) works well for patients when? talking on the phone or in “looped” room.
Tele coil (T Coil) is somewhat less common now because with the introduction of direct to cell phone compatibility and Bluetooth streaming accessories.
Program Button can be set to perform many functions., what are six of them? Change between programs set for different environments, volume control, mute function, on/off for newer reprogrammable hearing aids, Can sometimes set multiple functions to a single button is pressed on duration, and common to have volume wheel style
Ear Impression Custom “cast” made of the ear canal used to make a custom fitted hearing aid or mold
What is the most popular method of ear impressions? Otoblock and silicone impression material to fill the ear – but digital scans are fast approaching.
Lantos Ear Scanning New method of taking ear- impressions that produces instantaneous electronic scan instead of a physical “cast”.
Ear Molds are used for? BTE and RIC style Hearing Aids
What are 7 reasons for selecting an ear mold 1. Retention 2. Acoustic Appropriateness 3. Pediatric Fitting 4. Patient Dexterity Issues 5. Reduce Feedback 6. Hard to Fit Canal 7. Collapsed Canals
Hearing Aid Coupling How the Hearing Aid is Connected to the Ear • How the Hearing Aid Is Coupled affects acoustic signals
Open-Fit Ear Canal is Acoustically Transparent to external Environment – (i.e. the hearing aid does not prevent sound coming in or out of the canal)
Low-frequency Sounds can come and leave canal naturally – No Gain capable below 1 kHz
Ear Mold Venting Size of the Vent can make anywhere from an Open Fit to Pressure Vent- If no vent present complete occlusion
The Smaller the vent the less ______ Feedback
The Smaller the vent the better _______ Low-frequency gain
The Smaller the vent the vent the more patient will hear their own voice
Created by: RachelJClark
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