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chapter 8

TermDefinition
solid closely packed particles cause matter to have a definite shape and definite volume.
Crystalline solids particles form a regular repeating pattern called crystals.
Amorphous solids particles not arranged in a repeating pattern. Example: Glass, plastic, and rubber.
Liquid: particles are free to move so a liquid has a definite volume but no definite shape.
Surface Tension An inward force, or pull among the molecules in a liquid that brings the molecules on the surface closer together.
Viscosity A liquids’s resistance to flowing. Example: Honey has a high viscosity.
Gas particles are able to move and spread out filling all space available, thus gases has no definite shape or definite volume.
Pressure gas particles constantly collide with one another and the walls of their container. Pressure is the outward push divided by the area of the walls of the container. Pressure= Force/Area.
Temperature the higher the temperature the faster particles moving.
Melting: When a solid changes to a liquid
Melting point: the temperature at which a substance melts.
Freezing: When a liquid changes to a solid
Freezing point the temperature when a substance freezes.
Vaporization When a liquid changes to a gas
Evaporation takes place only on the surface of the liquid.
Boiling When vaporization occurs both below the and at the surface.
Boiling Point Temperature at which a liquid boils.
Condensation: When a gas changes to a liquid
Sublimation: When a substance changes straight from a solid to a gas. Example: Dry Ice
Charles’s Law When the temperature of a gas at a constant pressure is increased the volume is increased, if the temperature is decreased then the volume is decreased.
Directly proportional as one amount increases, another amount increases at the same rate.
Boyle's Law When the pressure of a gas at a constant temperature is increased the volume is decreases, if the temperature is decreased then the volume is increases.
Inversely proportional When the value of one variable increases, the other decreases.
Created by: user-1901356
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