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Topic 5
Living Things and the Environment
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| organism | a living thing |
| habitat | an environment that provides the things a specific organism needs to live, grow, and reproduce |
| biotic factor | a living or once-living part of an organism's habitat |
| abiotic factor | a nonliving part of an organism's habitat |
| population | all the members of one species living in the same area |
| community | all the different populations that live together in a certain area |
| ecosystem | the community of organisms that live in a particular area, along with their nonliving environment |
| limiting factor | an environment factor that causes a population to decrease in size |
| producer | an organism that can make its own food |
| consumer | an organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms |
| carnivore | consumer that eats only animals |
| scavenger | consumer that feeds on the bodies of dead organisms |
| herbivore | consumer that eats only plants and other photosynthetic organisms |
| omnivore | consumer that eats both plants and animals |
| decomposer | breaks down biotic wastes and dead organisms, returning raw materials to the ecosystem |
| food chain | a series of events in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and by being eaten |
| food web | the pattern of overlapping feeding relationships or food chains among the various organisms in an ecosystem |
| energy pyramid | a diagram that shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web |
| water cycle | continuous process of water from Earth's surface to the atmosphere and back, in various forms, or states |
| evaporation | the process by which molecules at the surface of a liquid absorb enough energy to change to a gas |
| condensation | the change of state from a gas to a liquid |
| precipitation | any form of water that falls from clouds and reaches Earth's surface as rain, snow, sleet, or hail |
| carbon cycle | carbon dioxide gas from air is used during photosynthesis and expelled as a toxin from cellular respiration; carbon compounds are returned to the soil or air via decomposers |
| oxygen cycle | producers release oxygen as product of photosynthesis; organisms take in oxygen from air or water for cellular respiration |
| nitrogen cycle | nitrogen moves from the air into the soil, into living things, and back into the air or soil |
Created by:
macyscience
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