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FWF315 Week 5 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Trophic Ecology | The study of trophic interactions or feeding relationships of organisms in communities and ecosystems |
| Primary Productivity | The rate at which energy is converted to organic biomass by autotrophs |
| Ogliotrophic | High water clarity, low nutrients, minimal aquatic plant growth, low algae concentrations, oxygen found throughout water column, good for cold water-high oxygen fish like trout |
| Mesotrophic | Medium level of nutrients, some aquatic plants, will stratify in summer, leading to potential algal blooms/oxygen depletion in deeper water, often see species like pike, perches, bass |
| Eutrophic | Low water clarity, high nutrients, high algae concentrations, low dissolved oxygen near lake bottom, often see species like carp, bullheads, bluegill |
| Phytoplankton | Primary source of production in open water food webs |
| Zooplankton | Primary link between primary productivity and higher trophic levels |
| Macrophytes | Primary producers in near shore zones; provides food, shelter, spawning habitat |
| Macroinvertebrates | Multiple functional feeding groups (grazers, shredders, filterers, predators, etc); dif. inverts contribute to different parts of food webs |
| Fishes | Broad range of trophic levels |
| Planktivorous fish | Feed on zooplankton |
| Omnivorous fish | Consume plant and animal |
| Invertivorous | Feed on invertebrates |
| Piscivorous fish | Feed on other fish |
| Trophic level | Organisms position in the food chain and food web |
| "Balanced fishery" | Stable ecosystem with a sustainable harvest (of both pred. and prey), continual reproduction of both pred and prey, diver length composition, yield harvestable-size fish in proportion to primary productivity (fertility) |
| Size Structure | The number or proportion of individuals within different size classes in a population |
| PSD | Proportional Size Distribution |
| Benthic-pelagic Coupling | The exchange of energy, mass, and/or nutrients between plagic and benthic habitats |
| Bottom-up Control | Resources at base of the food web control population growths |
| Top-down Control | Predators control the population through consumption; trophic cascades ("sawtooth paradigm") |
| Trophic Economics | Reflects the relationship between prey resources supply and consumer demand |
| Marine Derived Nutrients | Highly mobile species create energy and nutrient links between habitats; ex: anadromous fishes, Sockeye Salmon |
| Diet Analysis | Foraging over short time scales (<24 hours), identification of stomach contents |
| Stable Isotope Analysis | Represents trophic relationships over weeks to months usual;ly, based on ratio of naturally occurring isotopes of key elements (carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, sometimes others) |
| Warmwater | Systems without trout, average daily summer temp. of 20C or more, high diversity of invertebrates like crayfish and mussels |
| Coolwater | Intermediate thermal guild - summer temps typically suitable for both warmwater and coldwater species, often lower summer temp come from groundwater input, bit ambiguous |
| Coldwater | Lower diversity and productivity than warmwater systems, ma, max. daily water temp less than 22C, found in higher elevation areas or areas with groundwater input or prominent snowmelt, often significant terrestrial influence on the food web |
| Centrarchidae | Popular freshwater game fishes, deep-bodied + laterally compressed, two dorsal fins that are attached or narrowly separated (1st=spines, 2nd=rays), nest builders - males guard nests |
| Moronidae | Oblong, slightly compressed bodies ; two dorsal fins ; spines on the anal fin ; opercular spines |
Created by:
mmill237
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