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What are most residual soils made of?
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What soil texture holds the most water?
Which soil texture has drainage problems?
Which soil texture has the best aeration?
Which soil texture has drainage problems?
Which soil texture has the best aeration?
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Principles of Soils
Final Questions
| Term/Question | Definition/Answer |
|---|---|
| What are most residual soils made of? | Parent material |
| What soil texture holds the most water? Which soil texture has drainage problems? Which soil texture has the best aeration? | Silt loam; Clay; Sand |
| What is decomposed organic matter called? What element is organic matter mostly made of? | Humus; Carbon |
| What are two benefits earthworms provide to soils? | Improve aeration; Improve soil aggregation; Improve nutrient dynamics |
| Peat is mostly made up of organic matter, why is it the first choice for potted plants? | Value of organic matter; Holds water and has better aeration at the same time |
| Why is hot soil in summer a concern? | Root growth; Seed germination; Plants have a specific growing temperature, and if the soil is to high for that temperature, root growth and seed germination will be a problem. |
| What species of microbe lives in legume nodules and provide Nitrogen? | Rhizobium bacteria |
| what beneficial fungi helps absorb nutrients like phosphorus? | Mychorrizae |
| What are the ways that parent materials were transported? | Till (glacial/ice); Alluvial/Alluvium (Water); Colluvial/Colluvium (Gravity); Eolian (wind deposit) |
| Why is the soil color in South-Western Kansas Red? | Iron |
| What type of soil that most like cottage cheese? | granular |
| What are the benefits of a soil with a high CEC (cation exchange capacity)? | higher number of more nutrients able to be held and stored |
| How do plant obtain elements such as Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen(O)? | Photosynthesis |
| Soil Horizons? | O, A, E, B, C, R |
| O Horizon | 100% organic matter |
| A Horizon | organic matter/sand, silt, clay; high biological activity |
| E Horizon | leaching removed materials; may or may not be there depending on leaching conditions; |
| B Horizon | subsoils |
| C Horizon | partly altered parent material |
| R Horizon | consolidated bedrock |
| What are the 5 soil forming factors? | Parent Material; Climate; Topography; Biosphere/organisms; Time |
| What are 2 benefits that manure and cover crops provide? | Organic Matter; Nutrients; increased soil microbial activity |
| What are some strategies to block wind erosion? What are some strategies to block water erosion? | Tree line, shelter belt/windbreak; Terraces |
| What are some concerns about soil crusts? | Restricted Emergence; Reduces Oxygen; Water Infiltration |
| Compaction causes what to happen to % of porosity? Compaction causes what to happen to the bulk density? | % Porosity - Decreases; Bulk Density - Increases |
| What can you do to prevent soil compaction? | Stay off wet soils; No-till; Drive in same wheel tracks; muliple axles vs duels |
| What is the primary purpose of the plow? | lower water table below root zone |
| What are two reason soil pH of 6.5-7 are the most desired pH levels? | Where most nutrients most available; Toxicity; Nutrient Availability |
| What are 2 soil propertied damaged by tillage? | Organic Matter; Structure/Aggregates; Water Content/Infiltration; Surface Residue |
| What chemical problem can be solved by adding lime to the soil? | raise the soil pH |
| What chemical problem can cause crusting? What can be added to solve the problem? | Sodic soils; gypsum solves the problem |
Created by:
horktera
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