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Chapter 7
endocrine system
| Question | |
|---|---|
| Aden/o | Gland |
| Adren/o, Adrenal/o | Adrenal Gland |
| Cortic/o | Outer Surface |
| Gonad/o | Gonads( Sex Organs) |
| Pancreat/o | Pancreas |
| Pituitar/o, Hypophys/o | Pituitary Gland (Pea sized gland located under the brain, right behind the eyes.) |
| Thym/o | Thymus (Organ found in the upper chest, in front of the heart.) |
| Thyr/o, Thyroid/o | Thyroid |
| Gluc/o, Glucos/o, Glyc/o | Sugar |
| Crin/o | To Secrete |
| Hormon/o | Hormone |
| Ket/o | Ketone Body |
| -Tropin | Stimulating Hormone |
| -Uria | Urine Condition |
| Adenalgia | Pain in a gland |
| Adrenal Virilism | Development of male secondary sexual characteristics caused by excessive secretion of the adrenal gland Viri(man), Ism(Condition) |
| Adrenarche | Beginning of adrenal secretion (at puberty) Adren(adrenal), Arche(beginning) |
| Hirsutism | Excessive growth of facial and body hair in women |
| Amenorrhea | Lack of menstrual flow A(no), Meno(menstrual), Rrhea(flow) |
| Gynecomastia | Development of breast tissue in males Gyneco(woman), Mast(breast), Ia(condition) |
| Hypergonadism | Condition in which there is excessive secretion of the sex glands |
| Hypogonadism | Condition in which there is under secretion of the sex glands |
| Thelarche | Beginning of breast development Thel(breast), Arche(beginning) |
| Menarche | beginning of first menstruation Men(menstrual), Arche(beginning) |
| Hypoglycemic | Pertaining to low blood sugar hypo(under), glyc(sugar), em(blood), ic(pertaining to) |
| Pancreatalgia | Pain in the pancreas |
| Polydipsia | Excessive Thirst Poly(excessive), Dips(thirst), Ia(Condition) |
| Polyphagia | Excessive Eating Poly(excessive), Phag(eat), Ia(condition) |
| Polyuria | Excessive Urination Poly(excessive), Uria(urine condition) |
| Acromegaly | Abnormal enlargement of the extremities Acro(extremities), Megaly(abnormal enlargement) |
| Galactorrhea | Discharge of milk Galacto(milk), Rrhea(discharge) |
| Pituitary Dwarfism | Abnormally short height caused by under secretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland |
| Pituitary Gigantism | Abnormally tall height caused by over secretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland |
| Exophthalmos | Protrusion of the eyes out of the eye socket Ex(out), Ophthalmos(eye) |
| Goiter | Swollen thyroid gland |
| Thyrocele | another name for goiter Thyro(thyroid), cele(tumor) |
| Thyromegaly | Enlargement of the thyroid Thyro(thyroid), Megaly(enlargement) |
| Thyroptosis | Downward displacement (drooping) of the thyroid Thyro(thyroid), Ptosis(drooping condition) |
| Acidemia | Abnormal acidity in the blood Acid, Emia(blood condition) |
| Alkalemia | Abnormal alkalinity (opposite of acidity) of the blood |
| Calciuria | Calcium in the urine Calci(calcium), Uria(urine condition) |
| Chloremia | Increased chloride in the blood Chlor(chloride), Emia(blood condition) |
| Euglycemia | Good blood sugar Eu(good), Glyc(sugar), Emia(blood condition) |
| Glucosuria | Sugar in the urine Glucos(sugar), Uria(blood condition) |
| Hypercalcemia | Excessive calcium in the blood Hyper(over), Calc(calcium), Emia(blood condition) |
| Hypercholesterolemia | Excessive cholesterol in the blood Hyper(over), cholesterol, Emia(blood condition) |
| Hyperglycemia | High blood sugar Hyper(excessive), Glyc(sugar), Emia(blood condition) |
| Hyperkalemia | Excessive potassium in the blood Hyper(over), Kal(potassium), Emia(blood condition) |
| Hyperlipidemia | Excessive fat in the blood Hyper(over), Lipid(fat), Emia(blood condition) |
| Hypernatremia | Excessive sodium in the blood Hyper(over), Natr(sodium), Emia(blood condition) |
| Hyperphosphatemia | Excessive phosphate in the blood Hyper(over), Phosphat(phosphate), Emia(blood condition) |
| Hypoglycemia | low blood sugar Hypo(under), Glyc(sugar), Emia(blood condition) |
| Ketonuria | Ketone bodies in the urine Keton(ketone), Uria(urine condition) |
| Polyuria | Excessive urination Poly(excessive), Uria(urine condition) |
| Uremia | Presence of urinary waste in the blood Ur(urine), Emia(blood condition) |
| Adrenaline | Hormone secreted by the adrenal gland |
| Epinephrine | Hormone secreted by the adrenal gland |
| Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) | Hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland |
| Corticotrophin | Shorter name for adrenocorticotropic hornome Cortico(cortex), Tropin(stimulating) |
| Glucagon | Hormone secreted by the pancreas that stimulates the liver to increase blood sugar levels Gluc(sugar), Agon(lead) |
| Glucocorticoid | Hormone produced by the adrenal cortex with a role in carbohydrate metabolism Gluco(sugar), Cortic(cortex), Oid(resembling) |
| Gonadotrophin | Hormone that stimulates the gonads Gonado(gonad), Trophin(stimulating) |
| Insulin | Hormone secreted by the pancreas that controls the metabolism and uptake of sugar and fats |
| Thyrotropin | Hormone that stimulates the thyroid Thyro(thyroid), Trophin(stimulating) |
| Adenomegaly | Abnormal enlargement of a gland |
| Adrenomegaly | Abnormal enlargement of the adrenal gland |
| Euthyroid | Normal functioning thyroid Eu(good), Thyroid |
| Gluconeogenesis | Formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources Gluco(sugar), Neo(new), Genesis(formation) |
| Glycolysis | Breakdown of sugar Glyco(sugar), Lysis(loosen) |
| Glycopenia | Deficiency of sugar Glyco(sugar), Penia(deficiency) |
| Gonadogenesis | Creation/ Development of gonads Gonado(gonad), Genesis(formation) |
| Metabolism | Breakdown of matter into energy Meta(over), bol(throw), ism(condition) |
| Endocrine | To secrete internally Endo(inside), Crine(secretion) |
| Endocrinologist | Specialist in internal secretions Endo(inside), Crino(secretion), Logist(specialist) |
| Exocrine | To secrete externally (sweat and saliva) Exo(outside), Crine(secretion) |
| Glycemic Index | Ranking of food based on the way it affects sugar levels in the blood |
| Ketogenesis | Creation of ketone bodies Keto(ketone), Genesis(creation) |
| Thyroid Function Tests | Tests performed to evaluate the function of the thyroid |
| Cholangiopancreatography | Procedure used to examine the bile ducts and the pancreas Chol(bile), Angio(vessel), Pacreato(pancreas), Graphy(written procedure) |
| Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography | Procedure used to examine the bile ducts and the pancreas in which the endoscope is passed backward from the digestive tract into the bile duct |
| Adenitis | Inflammation of a gland Aden(gland), Itis(inflammation) |
| Adenopathy | Gland disease Adeno(gland), Pathy(disease) |
| Adenosis | Gland condition |
| Dysmetabolic Syndrome | Combination of medical disorders with faulty metabolism |
| Ketosis | Condition characterized by elevated levels of ketone bodies in the blood |
| Polyadenopathy | Disease involving many glands Poly(many), Adeno(gland), Pathy(disease) |
| Adrenal Insufficiency | Condition in which the adrenal glands underproduce necessary hormones |
| Adrenalitis | Inflammation of the adrenal gland |
| Adrenocortical Insufficiency | Condition in which the adrenal cortex underproduces necessary hormones |
| Adrenocorticohyperplasia | Overdevelopment of the cortex of the adrenal gland Adreno(adrenal), Cortico(cortex), Hyper(over), Plasia(condition) |
| Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia | Genetic disease in which the adrenal gland is overdeveloped, resulting in a deficiency of certain hormones and overproduction of others |
| Diabetes Mellitus | Metabolic disease characterized by excessive urination and hyperglycemia |
| Diabetic Ketoacidosis | Acidity in the blood caused by the presence of ketone bodies produced when the body is unable to burn sugar, thus, it must burn fat or energy |
| Pancreatic Pseudocyst | Abnormally expanded area in the pancreas resembling a cyst Pancreat(pancreas), Ic(pertaining to), Pseudo(false), Cyst |
| Pancreatitis | Inflammation of the pancreas |
| Pancreatolith | Stone in the pancreas Pancreato(pancreas), Lith(stone) |
| Pancreatolithiasis | Presence of a stone in the pancreas Pancreato(pancreas), Lith(stone), Iasis(precense) |
| Hyperpituitarism | Over functioning of the pituitary gland |
| Hypophysitis | Inflammation of the pituitary gland Hypophys(Pituitary), Itis(inflammation) |
| Hypopituitarism | Condition caused by the under secretion of the pituitary gland |
| Panhypopituitarism | Defective or absent function of the entire pituitary gland Pan(all), Hypo(under), Pituitar(pituitary), Ism(condition) |
| Pituitary Infarction | Death of the pituitary gland |
| Hyperparathyroidism | Overproduction of the parathyroid glands |
| Hyperthyroidism | Overproduction by the thyroid |
| Hypoparathyroidism | Underproduction by the parathyroid |
| Thyroiditis | Inflammation of the thyroid |
| Thyrotoxicosis | Condition caused by the exposure of body tissue to excessive levels of thyroid hormone |
| Adenocarcinoma | Cancerous tumor of a gland |
| Adenoma | Gland tumor |
| Adrenal adenoma | tumor of the adrenal gland |
| Adrenocortical caricnoma | Cancerous tumor originating in the cortex of the adrenal gland |
| Insulinoma | Tumor that secretes insulin(found in the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas) |
| Parathyroidoma | tumor of the parathyroid |
| Pituitary Adenoma | tumor on the pituitary gland |
| Thymoma | tumor of the thymus |
| Continuous subcutaneous Insulin Infusion | Continuous injections of insulin into the blood from a pump inserted under the skin |
| Thyroidotoxin | Substance poisonous to the thyroid gland |
| Adenectomy | Removal of a gland |
| Ketogenic Diet | Diet that aids in the production of ketones in the body |
| Thymectomy | Removal of the thymus |
| Adrenalectomy | Removal of the adrenal gland |
| Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy | removal of an adrenal gland by means of a laparoscope (instrument inserted into the abdomen for viewing) |
| Hypophysectomy | Removal of the pituitary gland |
| Parathyroidectomy | Removal of the parathyroid |
| Thyroidectomy | Removal of the thyroid |
| Thyroidotomy | Incision into the thyroid |
| Thyroparathyroidectomy | removal of the thyroid and parathyroid glands |
| ACTH | Adrenocorticotropic hormone |
| BS | blood sugar |
| CGM | Continuous Glucose monitor |
| DI | Diabetes Insipidus |
| DM | diabetes mellitus |
| ERCP | Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
| FBS | Fasting blood sugar |
| GDM | Gestational diabetes mellitus |
| GH | Growth Hormone |
| GTT | Glucose Tolerance Test |
| HgA1C | Hemoglobin A1C test (used by patients with diabetes to monitor blood sugar levels) |
| HRT | Hormone replacement therapy |
| TFT | Thyroid function test |
| TSH | Thyroid-stimulating hormone(also known as thyrotropin) |
| T3 | triiodothyronine (one of two primary hormones produced by the thyroid) |
| T4 | Thyroxine (One of two primary hormones produced by the thyroid) |
Created by:
chelley12516
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