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bone (system)

Question	Answer
bones are the what	framework
what do bones help with	the movement
what has storage in place for mineral that help in grow	outer point of of bone or hard structure
what is in bone that helps it grow	delicate balance of calcium and phosphorus
helps the calcium pass through the small intestine and into the bloodstream	vitamin D
what do the bones and body need	calcium
what holds the bone marrow	inner bone
what does the inner bone manufacture the bone marrow to	red blood cells
what are bones made up of	osseous, blood vessels and nerves
what does osseous consist of	osteocytes (bone cells), collagen and intercellular calcium salts
composed of cartilage which more flexible than osseous	fetus bones
the process in which the fetus bones mature	ossification
immature bone cells and calcium deposits	ossification
immature osteocytes that produce the bony tissue that replaces the cartilage during ossification	osteoblast
large cells that reabsorb, or digest, bone tissue	osteoclast
why is the function of osteoclast activated	to keep bone strong and repaired to remove debris so that the bone doesn't become too thick and heavy
when a bone breaks what happens first	osteoblasts provide calcium salts to rebuild
when a bone breaks what happens second	osteoclast tears down the old and removes excess bone debris to smooth out the bone
found in lower leg, thigh, upper and lower arms	long bones
irregular shape and small / mostly present in ankle and wrist	short bones
pelvic bones, skull, shoulder blades and ribs - found to cover soft body parts to protect them	flat bones
bones found to increase efficiency of the muscles near a particular joint usually rounded - ex is patella or knee cap	sesamoid bones
middle region of the long bone	diaphysis
each end of long bone	epiphysis
an area of cartilage tissue constantly being replaced by new bone tissue as the bone grows	epiphysis line or plate (growth plate)
the growth plate changes in length until what	adulthood is reached
flared portion of the bone	metaphysis
strong, fibrous, vascular, membrane that covers the surface of the long bone except the ends	periosteum
a smooth, strong, and silk tissue that cushion the joint and allows it to move smoothly and efficiently	articular cartilage
layer of hard dense bones that lies under the periosteum bone	compact (cortical) bone
what system does the compact (cortical) bone have	the Haversian canals
a small canals that contain blood vessels that bring oxygen and nutrient and remove waste such as carbon dioxide	the Haversian canals
the tunneled out center of the long bone that contains the yellow bone marrow that is mainly fat cells	medullary cavity
spongy or trabecular bone that is made up bony fivers that are like a spongy lattice work	cancellous bone
are the interwoven fibers of the spongy latticework in a lot of the long bones	trabeculae
in the spaces in cancellous bone	red bone marrow
what does the red bone marrow consist of	immature and mature blood cells in various stages of development
the production of all types of blood cells in the bone marrow	hematopoiesis
enlarged areas that extend out from bones and serve as attachment for muscles and tendons and ligaments	bone process
opening or hollow regions serving as connections between bones or passageways for blood vessels and nerves	bone depression
the cranial bones that join each other at the joints	cranial bone structure
unfossified tissue in the skull of a newborn at birth	fontanelles
supports nasal cavity and eye socket	ethmoid bone
forehead - part of the eye sockets	frontal bone
back and base of the skull	occipital bone
top and side of the skull	parietal bone
base of the skull and behind eyes (called the bat - shaped bone)	sphenoid bone
lower sides and back of skull	temporal bones
corners of each eye	lacrimal bone
lacrim means	tears
al means	pertaining to
lower jaw	mandible
upper jawbone	maxillae
nasal bones	bridge and septum of nose
vomer	nasal septum (thin, flat bones)
cheek bones	zygomatic bones
place where the bones meet	joints
coming together of two or more bones	joint articulation
unlovable between the skull bones	suture joints
movable and are surrounded by joint capsule	synovial joints
fibrous tissue	joint capsule
thicken fibrous bands of connective tissue	ligaments
how do you increase strength in joints	anchor one bone to another in critical areas
smooth white tissue that covers the ends of the bones where they come together at a joint	articular cartilage
tissue lining the synovial cavity- produces the synovial fluid	synovial membrand
space between bones at a synovial joint- contains synovial fluid produced by the membrane	synovial cavity
viscous (sticky) fluid within the synovial cavity	synovial fluid
crescent shaped fibroucartilaginous structure- helps cushion the joint	meniscus
sac of fluid near a joint however not within a joint	bursa
what is the bursa there to help with	types of tissues that need to slide past each other with little friction as possible
can be attached to bones, internal organs and blood vessels	muscles
internal movement of the muscles involves what	contraction and relaxation found in organ
due to contraction and relaxation attached to the bones	external movement of the muscles
connective tissue that bind muscle to bones	tendons
bind bones to other bones	ligaments
makes up the voluntary or skeletal muscle that moves all bones as well as controlling facial expression and eye movement	striated muscle
makes up the involuntary or visceral muscles that contract to move internal organs such as digestive tract, the walls of blood vessels, and secretory ducts leading from the glands	smooth muscle
striated in appearance but like smooth muscles in its action movement cannot be consciously controlled and the fibers of the cardiac muscle are branching fibers and found in the heart	cardiac muscles
connection of the muscle to a stationary bone - usually proximal on the skeleton	origin of the muscle
connection of the muscle to the bone that moves -distal from the skeleton	insertion of the muscle
decrease the angle between two bones- bending the limb	-flextion
increase the angle between two bones - straightening out a limb	-extension
movement away from the midline of the body	abduction
movement toward the midline of the body	adduction
circular movement around the axis	rotation
decrease the angle of the ankle joint so that the foot moves upward, toward the center of the body	dorsiflexion
motion that moves the foot downward toward the ground as when the pointing of the toe	plantar flextion
act of turning the palm up	supination
act of turning the palm down	pronation

Created by: avagracehoneyman

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