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The local application of heat to an area of the body results in
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Cavity or space inside the blood vessel
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nurse 177
applying heat and cold therapies
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The local application of heat to an area of the body results in | VASODILATION of the blood vessels underlying the area |
| Cavity or space inside the blood vessel | Vessel lumen |
| open wider | permeable |
| The spaces between cells | interstitial spaces |
| Inflammation of a vein caused by IV therapy | phlebitis |
| Unless there is a standing order or protocol for procedure | be certain to obtain an order from provider |
| Situations in which it should be used | Indications |
| Indications for heat therapy | Relaxation of muscle spasms, pain relief, support healing process, reduction of edema once stabilized, elevation of body temp |
| vaso | blood vessel |
| dilation | expansion |
| sub | under |
| cutaneous | skin |
| phleb | vein |
| heat therapy relaxes | muscles that are in spasm, tight or tense |
| example of heat therapy | hot tub or whirlpool bath |
| phagocytes | defensive white blood cells |
| when heat is applied to inflamed site results are | increased blood flow delivering adjunct phagocytes |
| phagocytosis | surround, engulf, and digest the offending microorganisms and debris in the cells and exudate preventing infection |
| metabolism | chemical and physical processes required to build and maintain body tissues |
| without increased metabolism | tissue does not heal properly in a timely manner |
| edema | swelling that occurs when excessive fluid leaves the vascular system and remains in the interstitial spaces |
| The presence of extra fluid in a abnormal space .. | increases pressure on nerve endings resulting in pain and discomfort |
| contraindication | presence of a condition or situation that makes it inappropriate to use a particular treatment |
| Heat may be applied to dilate capillaries and veins to carry away excess fluid thus reducing the edema (after stabilization) | 48-72 hours |
| hypothermia | condition that occurs when an individual's core temp drops below 95F(35C) |
| Warm packs and warming blankets and ordered warm saline may help under what condition | hypothermia, to raise body temp |
| Result of when heat is used on new injury | more edema thus is contraindicated |
| contraindications to heat applications | suspected appendicitis, bleeding wound/injury, newly injured joints, large areas of body in certain cardiac patients |
| moist heat penetrates | quicker and deeper into tissues than dry heat |
| methods of heat delivery | commercial heat packs, heating pads, aquathermia pads, warming blankets |
| additional wet heat delivery | hot compresses, soaks, sitz baths, whirlpool baths |
| phago | eat |
| osis | condition |
| local heat application time for max vessel dilation to occur | 20-30min, reapplied every 2-3 hrs ordered |
| leaving heat packs in place longer than 45 min can cause | constriction of vessels instead of dilation (rebound phenomenon |
| commercial heat packs activated by | squeezing, striking or twisting package |
| be certain to place cloth barrier between | patients skin and heat pack |
| heating pads are rarely used in hospitals and long-term facilities because | the risk of burns |
| facilities require a release of responsibility form before allowing | a patient heating pad from home |
| If a heating pad is used be sure that settings are on | low and med temp to prevent burns |
| never place heating pad under patient b/c | the heat cannot dissipate and may result in a severe burn |
| aquathermia pad (k-pad) | device with a small electrically heated water storage tank and 2 tubes connected to a network of tubing within a disposable pad |
| can be used continuously due to reduced risk of burn and maintained temp | aquathermia pad |
| common temp setting for aquathermia pad | 105F(40.5C) |
| a key must be used to set the temp dial to prevent inadvertent changing of temp | aquathermia pad |
| K-pad common use | treatment of blood clots in lower leg (deep venous thrombosis), inflammation and infection of the skin and underlying tissue (cellulitis) |
| K-Pad order | temp, moist or dry, time of application and time between heat treatments |
Created by:
nursebailey
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