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Performance Psychology
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Psychology Studybook
Performance Psychology Test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Performance Psychology | A subfield of psychology that examines the factors that influence optimal human performance. |
| Social Learning Theory | Emphasizes the importance of role models and is a valuable way to learn complex skills. |
| What are the 5 stages? | Attention, Retention, Reproduction, Motivation, Reinforcement |
| Mirror Neurons | Biological changes in the brain occur when we watch others complete a goal-orientated task. When this happens, neurons in the brain called mirror neurons are activated. |
| Visualization | The process of mentally rehearsing a planned movement to learn skills or enhance performance. |
| Marginal Gains | The concept that small improvements in many individual processes can lead to a significant improvement when combined. |
| Locus of Control | The degree to which a person believes they can control the outcome of events in their lives. |
| External locus of control | Achievements and failures are attributed to factors outside the performer’s control. |
| Internal locus of control | The individual takes responsibility for their successes and failures. |
| Superstition | Actions that performers engage in due to the irrational belief that unrelated objects, events, or actions can negatively influence an unrelated outcome. |
| Link between Arousal and Sporting Performance | Athletes can produce winning performances if they can learn to control their levels of arousal through the application of stress management techniques. |
| Central Nervous System | Is comprised of the brain and spinal cord |
| Peripheral Nervous System | All parts of the nervous system that lie outside the brain and spinal cord |
| Somatic Nervous System (Connected to PNS) | Transmits messages from sensory receptors to the CNS and controls voluntary movement of muscles |
| Autonomic Nervous System (Connected to PNS) | Connects the brain with the body's internal organs and glands |
| Sympathetic Nervous System (Connected to ANS) | Activates internal muscles, organs and glands to prepare the body for vigorous activity or threatening situation |
| Parasympathetic Nervous System (Connected to ANS) | Restores the body to a state of calm once the need for activity has passed |
| Yerkes-Dodson Law | The YDL suggests that performance increases with arousal but only up to a point; too little or too much arousal leads to poor performance. |
| Choking | The failure of a person to perform as expected, given their skill level, especially when under pressure. |
| Attentional Theory | Acknowledges that what we choose to focus on and what we think about before and during a performance have an impact on our performance. |
| Distraction Theory | Pressure causes a diverting environment and draws attention away from skill execution, which can lead to choking. |
| Explicit Monitoring | Pressure increases monitoring of tasks that are usually performed automatically, and can lead to choking. |
| Imposter Syndrome | Imposter syndrome involves feelings of self-doubt and inadequacy despite external evidence of competence. |
| Methods to overcome choking | Mindfulness, Visualization, Reframing the mind, Shifting the focus |
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