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Mrs. Kyle 8th grade
Life Science chapters 2-5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| An aid that is used to identify organisms. It consists of the answers to a series of questions. | Dichotomous Key |
| The division of organisms into groups, or classes based on specific characteristics. | Classification |
| The science of describing, classifying, and naming living things. | Taxonomy |
| Show the similarities and differences between animals. | Branching Diagrams |
| A domain made up of prokaryotes that are distinguished from other prokaryotes by differences in their genetics and in the makeup of their cell wall. | Archaea |
| Single celled organisms that do not have a nucleus. | Prokaryotes |
| A domain made up of prokaryotes that usually have a cell wall and usually reproduce by cell division. | Bacteria |
| Are organisms whose cells have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles. | Eukaryotes |
| A domain made up of all eukaryotes. | Eukarya |
| A kingdom made up of non-green, eukaryotic organisms that have no means of movement, reproduce by using spores, and get food by breaking down substances in their surroundings and absorbing nutrients from those substances. | Fungi |
| A kingdom made up of complex, multi-cellular organisms that are usually green, have cell walls made of cellulose, cannot move around, and use the sun’s energy to make sugar by photosynthesis. | Plantae |
| A kingdom made up of eukaryotes that are one celled eukaryotic organisms that are different from plants, animals,bacteria and fungi. | Protista |
| A kingdom made up of complex, multi-cellular organisms that lack cell walls, can usually move around and can quickly respond to their environment. | Animalia |
| The process of a single parent producing offspring that are genetically identical to the parent without the union of sex cells. | Asexual Reproduction |
| Sex cells from two parents unite to produce offspring that share traits from both parents. | Sexual Reproduction |
| The union of sex cells outside the bodies of parents, like fish and frogs. | External Fertilization |
| The transfer of pollen from the male reproductive structures of seed plants to the female reproductive structures. | Pollination |
| A group of organisms that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile offspring. | Species |
| The formation of new species as a result of change over time. | Speciation |
| A group of individuals of the same species living in the same place. | Population |
| A characteristic that improves and individual’s ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment. | Adaptation |
| The process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted individuals. | Natural Selection |
| The human practice of breeding animals like dogs to have certain desired characteristics. | Selective Breeding |
| Inherited behavior or tendency that does not depend on the environment or experience. | Innate Behavior |
| Behavior that is developed through experience. | Learned Behavior |
| Travel from one place to another. | Migration |
| A period of inactivity and lowered body temperature during the Summer. | Estivation |
| A period of inactivity and lowered body temperature during the Winter. | Hibernation |
| A principle that geologic processes that occured in the past can be explained by current geologic processes. | Uniformitarianism |
| A principle that states that geologic change occurs suddenly. | Catastrophism |
| The approximate age of fossils or other objects in rock layers determined by comparing whether the surrounding rock layers are younger or older. | Relative Age |
| Any method of determining whether an event or object is older or younger than other events or objects. | Relative Dating |
| An ordered arrangement of rock layers that is based on the relative ages of the rocks and in which the oldest rocks are at the bottom. | Geologic Column |
| Any method of measuring the age of an event or object in years. | Absolute Dating |
| The scientific study of fossils. | Paleontology |
| A fossil that shows evidence of animal on or within soft sediment. Ex. Tracks and Burrows | Trace Fossil |
| A type of fossil that leaves a cavity or impression in a sedimentary surface usually caused by a shell or other body. | Mold |
| A type of fossil that forms when sediments fill the cavity left by a decomposed organism. | Cast |
| A fossil that is used to establish the age of a rock layer because the fossil is distinct, abundant, and widespread and the species that formed that fossil existed for only a short span of geologic time. | Index Fossil |
| The standard method used to divide Earth's long natural history into manageable parts. | Geologic Time Scale |
| The largest division of geologic time.1st | Eon |
| A unit of geologic time that includes two or more periods.2nd | Era |
| A unit of geologic time that is longer than an Epoch but shorter than an Era.3rd | Period |
| A subdivision of geologic time that is longer that an age but shorter than a period.4th | Epoch |
| The death of every member of a species. | Extinction |
| The original organism that other modern organisms developed or descedended from. | Ancestor |
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kmk3n
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