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Step III
Step III - Neuro 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| HA worst in AM, nausea, seizure, visual changes | Brain tumor or mets to brain |
| How is NPH diagnosed | CT w/o |
| What is the pathophys of Meniere’s dz | Incr endolymph |
| Waxing and waning tinnitus/hearing loss, vertigo, feeling of fullness in ear | Meniere’s dz |
| Pathophys of BPV | Calcium carbonate crystals displaced in semicircle canals of vestibula |
| What type of hearing loss is observed in Meniere’s | sensineural |
| Dizziness worst in AM and vertigo affected by position | BPV |
| Vertigo w/ position mvts, hearing loss/tinnitus, h/o recent URI | Labyrinthitis |
| Changes in sensation of arms, legs or face >> complete/partial vision loss >> weakness >> double vision >>unsteady walk. Dx | MS |
| B/L weakness “stocking glove” distribution in pt w/ post viral infx/vaccx/surgery | Guillain barre |
| What allele is linked to ALZ in recent studies | Apo E4 |
| MRI in ALZ shows | Hippocampal asymmetry; medial temporal lobes |
| Confusion/encephalopathy, opthalmoplegia, ataxia | Wernicke’s encephalopathy |
| Antibx to tx hepatic encephalopathy | Neomycin |
| Black widow spider tx | Calcium gluconate |
| Severe muscle cramp, ab pain, weakness, tremor, nausea, fainting, chest pain, dizzy, respiratory difficulty | Black widow spider bite |
| Taste in posterior 1/3 tongue comes from | Glossopharyngeal n |
| Damage to recurrent laryngeal n can be evaluated using | Fiberoptic laryngoscopy to look at vocal chords |
| What are the two MC etio of SAH | AVMs and berry aneurysms |
| Woman >50yo, c/o sudden severe HA, N/V, photophobia, stiff neck, LOC, no fever, global + focal deficits | SAH |
| MC and aggressive primary neoplasm | GBM |
| Progressive memory and personality deterioration d/t temporal and frontal lobe involvement. Seizure, nausea, vomiting, HA, hemiparesis | GBM |
| Young male c/o severe headaches of a piercing quality near one eye or temple that last for fifteen minutes to three hours at a time. "alarm clock headaches" b/c commonly occur during the same time each night | Cluster HA |
| Intense facial pain when wind blows across face | Trigeminal neuralgia |
| Young male c/o hot poker through his eye pain, HA, unilateral | Cluster |
| Pt has pernicious anemia/vegetarian diets/status-post gastric or ileal resection. C/o gradual onset symmetric paresthesias, bowel and bladder dysfunction, leg stiffness, and a stocking-glove sensory neuropathy | Vita B12 defx |
| Pt recently exposed to INH/OCP presents w/ convulsions, hyperirritability, and peripheral neuropathy | Vita B6 defx |
| Alopecia, facial rash in pt on TPN | Zinc defx |
| Periventricular white plaques = | MS |
| Tx for post herpetic neuralgia long term pain management | Amytriptyline |
| Tx for reynaud’s | CCB |
| Tx for Guillain Barre | Plasmapheresis and IVIG |
| ipsilateral facial sensory loss, ataxia, nystagmus, Horner’s syndrome, and contralateral loss of temperature and pain. Vessel | PICA |
| Fever, HA, focal deficits, papilledema over several days | Brain abscess |
| Diagnostic study for brain abscess | MRI >> CT |
| What is Trousseau’s sign and what does it indicate | carpal spasm occurs following inflation of a blood pressure cuff above the systolic pressure indicating HYPO Ca2+ |
| Severe headache and vomiting in the setting of papillemema. Pt h/o OCP/steroids/hormone therapy. Dx | Cerebral venous thrombus |
| Tx of cerebral venous thrombus | Warfarin and heparin |
| Obese young (20-45) woman, HA worse in AM, dizzy, N/V, tinnitus, transient double vision/blurriness, intermittment horizontal diplopia, worsens w/ Vasalva, papilledema, ocular pain w/ eye mvt. Dx | Pseudotumor cerebri |
| reversible anticholinesterase inhibitor to tx anticholinergic syndrome | Physostigmine |
| young female, c/o B/L conductive hearing loss w/ FmHx hearing loss | Otosclerosis |
| what bone is affected in Otosclerosis and what reflex is lost | Stapes; stapedial reflex |
| damage to what structure causes sensineural hearing loss | CN VIII |
| inheritance pattern in otosclerosis | AD |
| Major cause of community acquired meningitis | Strep pneu, neisseria, listeria (pt >50yo) |
Created by:
DrINFJ
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