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Cell Unit
Includes key terms, cell theory, organelles, processes, mitosis, & specializatio
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which cell process requires the use of energy to get substances across the cell membrane? | Active Transport |
| Food is broken down to release energy without the use of oxygen | Fermentation (Anaerobic Respiration) |
| The process by which one cell divides into two cells. | Cell Division |
| What is the term used to describe an organism made up of cells that contain a nucleus? | Eukaryote (Eukaryotic Cells) |
| What are the "tiny organs" or structures found inside of cell called? | Organelles |
| What is the term used to describe an organism made up of a cell without a nucleus? | Prokaryote (Prokaryotic Cells) |
| The process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food. | Cellular Respiration (Aerobic Respiration) |
| The process by which particles move through the cell membrane from an area of higher to lower concentration. | Diffusion |
| What is the name of the special process used by eukaryotic cells to prepare the cell's nucleus for cell division. | Mitosis |
| A special type of diffusion that only deals with water. | Osmosis |
| Who/What contributed to the development of the cell theory? | The discoveries made by many scientists (Hooke, van Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, Schwann, Virchow) and the invention of the microscope. |
| What are the 3 statements of the cell theory? | 1.) All living things are made up of cell. 2.) Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. 3.) All cells must come from pre-existing cells. |
| Which cell organelle allows certain substances to enter and exit the cell? | Cell Membrane |
| Which cell organelle allows certain substances to enter and exit the nucleus? | Nuclear Membrane |
| What is the single unit of a chromosome called? | Gene |
| Which cell organelle is responsible for making proteins? | Ribosomes |
| Which cell organelle stores food, water and waste for the cell? | Vacuole |
| What is the name of the jelly-like substance found inside of the cell and contains all of the organelles? | Cytoplasm |
| Which organelle is only found in plant cells and used light energy to make food? | Chloroplast |
| Which organelle is only found in animals cells and contains digestive juices to break down food, dead/injured cells? | Lysosomes |
| This orgnelles is described as the "powerhouse" of the cell and is the site for cellular respiration | Mitochondria |
| Which organelle is the internal delivery system for the cell? | ER |
| This cell structure contains the genetic code (DNA) for making proteins. | Chromosomes |
| All of the activities that a cell performs is controlled by this cell organelle. | Nucleus |
| This cell structure is found in plant cells and is used for support and protection | Cell Wall |
| What are some characteristics unique to a plant cell? | cell wall, chloroplast, rectangular in shape, has the ability to make its own food, large vacuole |
| What are some characteristics unique to an animal cell? | circular in shape, few small vacuoles, cannot make its own food, lysosomes |
| How are diffusion and osmosis alike? | Both do not require energy and deal with the movement of a substance from an area of high to low concentration. |
| When does a cell use active transport to get things in or out of a cell? | Active transport is used when molecules are too large to fit and when moldecules go against the natural gradient by moving from an area of low to high concentration. |
| How are active transport and diffusion different? | Active tranport requires energy and moves materials from low to high concentration. Diffusion does not require energy and moves materials from high to lower concentrations. |
| How do eukaryotic cells reproduce? | 1.) Cell Grows- copies organelles and chromosomes 2.) Mitosis 3.) Cell splits into 2 cells |
| How does the "parent" cell compare to its' "daughter" cell? | The "daughter" cell has an exact copy of the parents (same number of chromosomes) |
| What are a group of cells working together for a common function called? | Tissues |
| Identify an example of an organ. | Heart |
| A group of organ systems working together to complete a common function are called | Multicellular Organism |
| Tissues working together for a common purpose are called | Organ |
| Why is it benefical for cells to specialize? | More efficient |
| What are the 3 benefits of being a multicellular organism? | 1.) Large size 2.) Longer life span 3.) Cell Specialization |
| Name of the 5 levels of organization from the simplest to the most complex | cell, tissue, organ, organ system, multicelluar organism |
Created by:
jmebuckley
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