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Holzshu Life Science

Life Science key words and ideas

QuestionAnswer
Punnet Square Can be used to describe outocmes in offspring and the liklihood of each outcome.
Sex linked genes mutation is on the X-Chromosome. (hemophilia or color blindness)
Chromosome the rod-like compressed form of DNA in the nucleus
Photosynthesis Cell uses energy in chloroplasts to make food (glucose)
Energy + H20 + C02 =02 + F6H1202
Genetic Engineering Genes are transferred from one organism into another; makes plants resistant to disease.
Cytokinesis Final stage of cell division where the cell membrane separates (pinching into two daughter cells.
Cell wall In plants, this is formed as a cell divides, in between the two new cells.
Heredity the passing of traits from parents to offspring.
Gene The basic unit of heredity; a piece of DNA on the chromosome
Mendel Father of genetics; he found that offspring of traits similar to their parents.
Dominant Gene Is the stronger trait of the pair.
Recessive Gene The weaker trait of a pair.
Homozygous 2 dominant genes (purebred)
Heterozygous 1 dominant and 1 recessive gene
genotype The actual gene for an organis (TT, Tt)
Phenotype The physical appearance of an organism (example blue eyes, freckles)
Mitosis body cells have 46 chromosomes, human egg and sperm have 23 cells each.
allelle The different forms of a gene, the alternating forms of a gene that governs a characteristic
pedigree A diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic train in several generations of a family.
Double helix DNA is in the shape of a "twisted ladder"
Watson and Crick Built models to show the DNA structure (like the double helix).
DNA reproduction begins with one double helix, there are two when the process completes.
Created by: erichholzshu
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