Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
DIT 2009 WK 5
Q&A from DIT emailed questions WK 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the stages of dying according to Kubler-Ross? | Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Grieving, Acceptance |
| Explain the development of the thyroid gland | Diverticulum arises form floor of primitive pharynx, descends into neck |
| Which IV anesthetic is a/w hallucinations and bad dreams? | Ketamine (Arylcyclohexylamines) |
| Which IV anesthetic is the most common drug used for endoscopy? | Midazolam (Benzodiazepine) |
| Which IV anesthetic is used for rapid anesthesia induction? | Profolol |
| Which IV anesthetic decreases cerebral blood flow (important in brain surgery)? | Thiopental (Barbituate) |
| What is the mechanism of action and clinical use for methylphenidate? | •MOA: increase presynaptic NE vesicular release (like amphetamines) •CU: ADHD, major depressive do, narcolepsy |
| What is the most common urea cycle disorder? | Ornithine transcarbamoylase (OTC) deficiency |
| What are the findings with OTC deficiency? | Findings of orotic acid in blood and urine, decreased BUN, symptoms of hyperammonemia |
| What change is seen in Barrett’s esophagus? | Glandular metaplasia + Goblet cells |
| What is glandular metaplasia? | Replacement of nonkeratinized (stratified) squamous epithelium with intestinal (columnar) epithelium in the distal esophagus |
| Equation for determining a drug’s clearance? | = 0.7 x Vd/Half-life or = rate of elimination of drug/plasma drug concentration |
| What substance activates the classic complement pathway? | Antigen-antibody complexes (IgG and IgM as well) |
| What substance activates the alternative compliment pathway? | Microbial surfaces – cell wall components (IgA as well) |
| In a normal Gaussian curve, what percentage of the sample population falls 1 standard deviation? | 68% |
| In a normal Gaussian curve, what percentage of the sample population falls 2 standard deviations? | 95% |
| In a normal Gaussian curve, what percentage of the sample population falls 3 standard deviations? | 99.7% |
| What is seen in Budd-Chiari syndrome? | Occlusion of IVC or hepatic veins with centrilobular congestion and necrosis, leading to congestive liver disease. May develop varices and have visible abdominal and back veins |
| What conditions are a/w Budd-Chiari syndrome? | Polycythemia vera, pregnancy, and hepatocellular carcinoma |
| What tests can be used to help detect the presence of an MI? | •ECG, Cardiac troponin I, CK-MB •ECG changes in transmural infarct: ST elevation, pathologic Q waves •ECG changes in subendocardial infarct: ST depression |
| What is the equation for calculating the glomerular filtration rate? | = ([inulin] in urine X Flow)/[inulin] in plasma |
| What are the normal GFR values? | 90 - 125 ml/min |
| How long does it normally take for an antidepressant to start working? | 2 - 3 weeks |
| What is the mechanism of action of cyclosporin? | • MOA: Binds to cyclophilins. Complex blocks the differentiation and activation of T-cells y inhibiting calcinerium, thus preventing the production of IL-2 and its receptors |
| In which glomerular disease would you expect to see anti-GBM antibodies (immunoflourescence)? | Goodpasture Syndrome |
| In which glomerular disease would you expect to see Kimmelstiel-Wilson lesions (light microscope)? | Diabetic glomerulonephropathy |
| In which glomerular disease would you expect to see "spike and dome" appearance (electron microscope)? | Membranous glomerulonephritis |
| In which glomerular disease would you expect to see "tram track" of subendothelial humps (electron microscope)? | Membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis |
| In which glomerular disease would you expect to see subepithelial immune complex humps (electron microscope)? | Acute post-strep GN |
| The most common cause of osteomyelitis in all patients? | Staph. aureus |
| The most common cause of osteomyelitis in sickle cell patients? | Salmonella |
| The most common cause of osteomyelitis in drug addict patients? | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| What amino acids are necessary for purine synthesis? | Glycine, Aspartate, Glutamine |
| What is the rate-limiting enzyme for pyrimidine synthesis? | Aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) |
| What is the rate-limiting enzyme for purine synthesis? | Glutamine-PRPP amidotransferase |
| What are the common causes of dilated cardiomyopathy? | Chronic alcohol abuse, Beriberi, Coxsackie B virus myocarditis, chronic cocaine use, Chagas’ dz, Doxorubicin tox, peripartum cardiomyopathy |
| What hormone is detected in a positive urine pregnancy test? (Who secretes it?) | Beta-hCG (trophoblasts) |
| How long after conception will b-hCG first appear in the urine? | 2 weeks |
Created by:
snezya24
Popular USMLE sets