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AH-Lewis Ch. 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is one of the most challenging parts of a nurses role? | pt and family teaching |
| What may limits the nurse's ability to provide educaiton? | Constraints on time and resources |
| Teaching is frequently a? | neglected nursing intervention |
| Why do nurses provide education to pt's? | to maintain health and cope with acute and chronic health problems |
| Teaching can? | help people make informed decisions about health practices and treatment choices |
| teaching to pt's with acute problems can prevent? | complications and promote recovery |
| For those with chronic illnesses teaching can? | promote self care and independence |
| What is a teaching plan? | is includes assessment of the pt's ability, need, and readiness to learn and identification of problems that can be resolved with teaching |
| When does learning occur? | when there is an internal mental change characterized by rearrangement of neural pathways |
| Learning can also result in? | potential or capability to change behavior |
| What is teaching? | a process of deliberately arranging external conditions to promote the internal transformation that results in a change in behavior |
| A teacher is one who? | plans and manages the external condition to promote learning |
| What is the challenge for the nurse when teaching? | to identify and use strategies that promote pt learning that results in behaviors that are beneficial for health |
| Adult education is different from? | child education |
| Who identified the 7 principles of androgogy (adult learning) | malcolm knowles |
| What should you know when teaching adults? | they are independent learners, their readiness to learn arises from life's changes, past experience promote learning, adults learn best when the topic is of immediate value, adults approach learing as prob solving, adults are doers |
| Charecteristics of the adult learner? | likes to have choices, adjusts less easily to distractions, suffers more from being deprived from success, has variety of learning styles, has difficulty in remembering, does best in an enviroment that feels safe, requires longer time |
| Motivation and readiness to learn depends on? | need, attitude, beliefs, stimulation, and reinforcement |
| When teaching adults? | it is important to identify what is valued by the person to enhance motivation |
| What do pt's search for? | to novelty |
| Motivation to learn is increased when? | topics are new and stimulating |
| What is a strong motivational factor for maintaining behavior? | reinforcement |
| What are the six steps of change? | precontemplation (is not considering), contemplation (is considering), preparation, action, maintenance, and termination |
| People go through the six steps of change? | at their own pace |
| When teaching the nurse should provide? | sources with additional information |
| It is not unusual for the pt to ask? | questions that the nurse cannot answer |
| Medical jargon is? | intimidating and frightening to most pt's and their families |
| Nurses should begin by? | defining medical words and terms |
| The importance of nonverbal communication in the teaching process is? | pivotal |
| To provide positive nonverbal message a nurse should? | sit in an open, relaxed position facing the pt with their eyes level |
| It is important for the nurse to develop? | the art of active listening |
| To show they are listening the nurse should? | not interupt and nod in response |
| What is empathy? | having the courage to enter into the would of another in a manner that does not judge, sympathize, or corret, but in a manner where the goal is creative understanding |
| Empathy means? | putting yourself in the pt's shoes |
| Lack of time is? | a major barrier |
| When time is limited the nurse should? | tell the pt before their talk begins |
| Another barrier to teaching for a nurse is? | the nurses insecurity about the nurse's own knowledge and competence |
| The nurse must understand that some pt's? | will not want to talk about their health problems |
| What results in pt's being uneducated? | short hospital stays |
| Hospitals are coming up with more complex treatment options that result in? | pt's needing more education |
| Support provided by who is important? | family |
| Family members can promote? | the pt's self care and prevent complications |
| It is important for nurses to include who is teaching plans? | family members |
| Pt's and families have? | different educational needs |
| Both pt and family needs are? | important |
| To get a good teaching plan a nurse must? | view the pt's needs within the context of the family's needs |
| The teaching process and the nursing process both involve? | development of a plan that includes assessment, diagnosis, setting pt outcomes or objectives, intervention, and evaluation |
| What does the nurse assess? | assesses if the pt has learning needs that teaching can meet |
| The general nursing assessment also identifies what? | variables that affect the teaching learning process |
| Assessment can also include family members to see if? | they can take care of the pt at home |
| What is an important factor for a teaching plan? | age |
| What are affected by age? | the pt's experiences, rate of learning, and ability to retain information |
| The inexperience of younger pt's can? | affect learning |
| Sensory impairments can? | affect learning |
| People with CNS impairment may require? | small amounts of info. and repeated frequetly |
| Pain, fatigue, and certain medication also influence? | learning |
| Moderate and severe anxiety? | limit learning |
| anxiety and depression can negativly affect? | the pt's motivation and readiness to learn |
| People respond to illness with what defense mechanisms? | denial, rationalization or even humor |
| A nurse must do what about humor? | Determine when humor is used to not face reality |
| What is self efficacy? | a person's belief in his or her ability to successfully cope with and manage a situation |
| Self efficacy increases when? | a person gains new skills in managing a threatening situation, but decreases when there is repeated failure |
| A pt's sociocultural characteristics influence? | percption of health, illness, health care, life and death |
| Social elements include? | pt's lifestyle, status within a family, occupation, income, education housing arrangment, and living location |
| What are cultural elements? | dietary, sleep patterns, exercise, sex, langualge, values, and beliefs |
| Why is knowing about occupation and income important? | To know what they can afford and how they understand things |
| What is literacy? | the ability to use printed and written info to function in society |
| What is the average reading level? | 8 or 9 |
| Why is assessment of literacy hard to discover? | many people will not say they have difficulty reading |
| What is health literacy? | the degree to which individuals have the papacity to obtain, process and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions |
| pt education materials should be written at? | fifth and sixth grade reading level |
| The pt should be asked what about living conditions? | their living arrangments |
| To avoid stereotyping according to cultural groups a nurse should? | simply ask if there is a cultural group or practice with which the pt identifies |
| The nurse must assess the pt's use of? | cultural remedies and folk healers |
| What are the charecteristics that are directly related to the teaching plan? | the pt's learning needs, readiness to learn and learning style |
| What are learning needs? | new knowledge and skills that an individual must have to be able to meet and objective or goal |
| The pt's with long list of health prob. have different learning needs than? | those pt's who are newly diagnosed |
| Sometimes you have to let the pt's pick? | their own priority learning needs |
| Before implementation the nurse should? | indicate what level the pt is on the stage of change process |
| What are the three learning styles? | visual, auditory, and physical |
| Writing clear, specific, attainable, and measurable learning objectives is? | important |
| learning objective are parralel to? | pt outcomes in the nursing care plan |
| What are learning objectives? (planning) | written statements that define exactly how pt's domonstrate their mastery of the content |
| Once objectives are written who should choose the stratagies that are most appropriate? | nurse, pt, pt family |
| What are the 3 facts that a strategy is determined by? | 1. pt characteristics, 2. subject matter, 3. avaliable resources |
| Sometimes teaching stratagies are? | used together |
| What is lecture used? | when time is limited |
| How long is a lecture? | 10-20 min |
| Adult learners can learn how many points at a time? | 5-7 |
| What is lecture discussion? | The nurse lectures and then the pt and pt's family has chances to ask questions |
| What is discussion? | To exchange points or arrive at a decision or conclusion |
| What does discussion allow? | pt's to actively participate and apply their own experiences and obsevations |
| How many forms of group teaching are there? | 2 |
| What is a facilitator? | helper, for group sharing about a common problem |
| As a facilitator the nurse participates? | by keeping info moving amoung all group members |
| What is peer teaching? | support group |
| What is a support group? | self help organization that can provide continuing info, shared experiences, acceptance, understanding, and useful suggestions |
| What is role play used for? | to realize the view of others |
| Roles playing requires? | maturity, confidence, and flexibility |
| Wat are examples of audiovisual materials? | tapes, slides, posters, charts |
| Printed materials are often used in? | combination |
| To reduce reading level a nurse should? | give key info in bold, use short common workds, define medical words, keep sentences under 10 words, use pictures, use an active voice |
| All written materials should be? | reviewed by the nurse |
| using the info from computers is like? | a double edged sword, bacause the computer is incomplete, misleading, or inaccurate |
| During the implementation stage the nurse must? | use the planned stratagies to present information and demonstrations |
| Reinforment and reward are? | important |
| If goals are not met they must? | reassess and alter teaching plans |
| Evaluation techniques may be? | short term or long term |
| Short term are used for? | to quickly evaluate the pt's mastery of a concept, skill, or behavior change |
| How can short term goals be accomplished? | observe the pt directly, Observe verbal and non verbal cues, ask direct questions, use a written measurement tool, talk with a member of the pt's family, seek the pt's self evaluation of progress |
| Long term evaluation requires what from a nurse? | evaluation |
| What is an essential component of the entire teaching learning transaction? | Documentation |
| Standardized teaching plans are avaliable, but? | nurses must always individualize these plans to meet pt's needs |
Created by:
alicia.rennaker
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