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Emergency MR

McGraw-Hill Emergency Medical Responder 2nd Edition Ch.21

QuestionAnswer
Any substance that is foreign to an individual and causes antibody production is known as an antigen
Hives Urticaria
Allergic reaction An exaggerated response by the body's immune system to a substance
An antigen that causes signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction Allergen
Anaphylaxis A severe allergic reaction; a life-threatening emergency
A substance prooduced by white blood cells to defend the body against bacteria, viruses, or other antigens Antibody
Pruritus Ithcing
The production of antibodies in response to the body's first exposure to an antigen Sensitization
Four routes by which a substance that causes an allergic reaction can enter the body. Ingestion, injection, inhalation, and absorption
Lightheadedness, fainting, weakness, Increased heart rate, irregular heart rhythm, decreased blood pressure, and circulatory collapse Cardiovascular related signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction
Respiratory related signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction Tightness in the throat or chest, coughing, rapid breathing, labored breathing, Noisy breathing, hoarseness, sridor, difficulty talking, wheezing, and increased mucus production
Restlessness, fear, panic, or a feeling of impending doom, headache, altered mental status, unresponsiveness, and seizures Nervous system related signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction
Integumentary system related signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction Warm, tingling feeling in the face, mouth, chest, feet and hands, Itching (pruritus), Rash, Hives (urticaria), Red skin (flushing), and Swelling of the face, neck, hands, feet, and/or tongue
Nausea, Vomiting, Abdominal cramps, pain, Diarrhea Gastrointestinal related signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction
Imflammatory response A series of local cellular and vascular responses that are triggered when the body is injured or invaded by an antigen
Dosage of epinephrine for an adult 0.3 mg
Dosage of epinephrine for a child 0.15 mg
Primary signs of inflammation Redness, heat, swelling, and pain
If the patient has come in contact with a substance that is causing an allergic reaction without signs of respiratory distress or shock you should Maintain an open airway. Give oxygen. Arrange for patient transport, and reassess while waiting for the arrival of EMS personnel.
Created by: Jimmyc
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