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Emergency MR
McGraw-Hill Emergency Medical Responder 2nd Edition Ch.25&26
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cardiogenic shock | Shock that can result if the heart beats too quickly or too slowly or if the heart muscle does not have enough force to pump blood effectively to all parts of the body.(Pump failure) |
| Shock caused by severe bleeding (internal or external). | Hemorrhagic shock |
| Hypovolemic shock | Shock caused by a loss of blood, plasma, or other body fluid |
| Shock tht occurs when blood flow is slowed or stopped by a mechanical or physical obstruction | Obstructive shock |
| Distributive Shock | Shock caused by an inadequate amount of blood to fill the enlarged vessels, and the vital organs are not perfused. |
| Four major causes of distributive shock | Injury to the spinal cord (neurogenic shock), Severe infection (septic shock), Severe allergic reaction (anaphylactic shock), and Psychological causes (psychogenic shock). |
| Cardiac tamponade | Blood in the pericardial sac compresses the heart, decreasing the amount of blood pumped out with each contraction. |
| A life-threatening condition which air enters the pleural cavity during inspiration and progressively builds up under pressure. | Tension pneumothorax |
| Three stages of shock | Early (compensated), Late (decompensated), and Irreversible (terminal). |
| Stage of shock where the body's defense mechanisms are still attempting to protect the vital organs; also called (shock with a normal blood pressure). | Early (compensated) shock |
| Late (decompensated) shock | Stage of shock when an ill or injured adult patient's systolic blood pressure drops to less than 90 mm Hg. |
| Stage of shock when the body's defense mechanisms have failed; permanent damage occurs to vital organs because the cells and organs have been without oxygenated blood for too long (terminal shock). | Irreversible shock |
| Signs and symptoms of Early shock | Anxiety, restlessness, Thirst, Nausea/vomiting, An increased respiratory rate, A slight increase in the heart rate, Pale, cool, moist skin, and Delayed capillary refill |
| Slowness to respond, confusion, or unresponsiveness, Extreme thirst (if awake), Nausea/vomiting, Shallow, labored, irregular breathing, A rapid heart rate, Cool, moist skin that is pale, blue, or mottled, Delayed capillary refill, and Low blood pressure. | Signs and symptoms of Late shock |
| Common causes of shock in children | Trauma, Fluid loss, Infection, Anaphylaxis, Congenital heart disease, and Chest wall injury |
| Index of suspicion | Anticipating potential injuries based on the patient's chief complaint, mechanism of injury, and assessment findings. |
| Rate of speed, seat belt use, impact site, amount of intrusion, airbag deployment, vehicle size, condition of steering wheel and windshield, number and position of passengers, and Rollover? Ejection from vehicle? | Factors to consider in a motor vehicle crash |
| The 1st 60 minutes after the occurrence of major trauma; the period from the time of the injury to the time the patient should receive definitive care in an operating room. | Golden hour |
Created by:
Jimmyc
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