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AP14
The Special Senses
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ambiopia | Double vision caused by each eye focusing separately. AKA: Diplopia |
| Conjunctivitis | Inflammation of the conjunctiva of he eye. May be caused by a bacterial infection, viral infection, allergy, or response to the environment. |
| Cycloplegia | Paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the eye |
| Dacryaenitis | Inflammationof the Lacrmal (tear) Gland. |
| Dacryorrhea | Excessive flow of tears |
| Diplopia | Double vision AKA: Ambiopa |
| Floaters | One or more spots that appear to drift, or "float" across the visual field |
| Lacrimation | The secretion of tears from the lacrimal glands. |
| Ophthalmologist | A medical Docto (M.D.) who specializes in the comprehensive care of th eyesand visual system in the prevention and treatment of eye disease and injury. |
| Ophthalmology | The branch of medicine that specializes in the study of the diseases and disorders of the eye. |
| Optometrist | Doctor of Optometry (O.D.)is responsible for examination of the eye, and associated structures, to determine vision problems. |
| Photophobia | Abnormal sensitivity to light |
| Exophthalmia | An abnormal protrusin of the eyeball(s), uually with the sclera noticeable over the iris. Typically due to an expanded volume of the orbital contents. |
| Cataract | The lens in the eye becomes progressively cloudy, losin it's normal transparency and thus altering the perception of light transmission to the retina. |
| Scleritis | Inflammation of the sclera |
| Acoustic | Pertaining to sound or hearing |
| Otalgia | Pain in the ear; Earache |
| Otitis Media | An acute, middle ear infection, which predominantly affects infants, toddlers, and preschoolers |
| Otorrhea | Drainage from the ear; Usually associated with inflammation of the ear. |
| Vertigo | A sensation of spinning around or of having things in the room or area spinning around the person; A result of disturbance of the equilibrium |
| Mastoiditis | Inflammation of the mastoid process, which is usually an acute expansion of an infection i the middle ear (Otitis Media) |
| Otitis Externa | Inflammation of the outer or external ear canal. AKA: Swimmer's Ear |
| Acute Otitis Media | A middle ear infection which prdominantly affects infants, toddlers, and preschoolers. |
| Retinopathy | Any disease of the retina |
| Acoustic | Pertaining to sound or hearing |
| Ophthalmoscope | Instrument used to view eyes |
| Nasolacrimal | Pertaining to the nose and lacrimal (tear) ducts |
| Epscleritis | Inflammation of the outermost layers of the sclera |
| Extraocular | Pertaining to the outside of the eyeball |
| Color Blindness (Monochromatism) | An inability to sharply perceive visual colors |
| Hemianosia | Loss of vision, or blindness, in one-half of the visual field. |
| Keratitis | Corneal inflammation caused by a microorganism, trauma to the eye, a break in the sensory innervatin of the cornea, a hypersensitivity reaction, or a tearing defect. |
| Aural | Pertaiing to the ear |
| Purulent | Containing pus |
| Serous | Pertaining to producing serum |
| Keratomycosis | A fungal growth present on the cornea |
| Miotic | Anagent that causes the pupil of the eye to constrict |
| Mydriatic | An agent that causes the pupil of the eye to dilate |
| Mydriasis | Abnormal dilation of the pupil of the eye |
| Audiogram | A recording of the faintest sounds an individual is able to hear |
| Ectropion | "Turning out" or eversion of the eyelash margins (especially lower lid) from the eyeball, loading to exposure of the eyelid and eyeball surface and lining. |
| Entropion | "Turning in" of the eyelash margins (especially lower margins) resulting in the sensation similar to that of a foreign body in the eye (redness, tearing, burning, itching). |
| Esotropia | An obvious inward turning of one eye in reaction to the other. AKA: Crosseyes |
| Blepharitis | Acute or chronic inflammation of the eyelid margins stemming from seborrheic, allergic, or bacterial origin. |
| Blepharoptosis | Occurs when the eyelid partially or entirely covers the eye as a result of a weakened muscle. |
| Blepharochalasis | Relaxation of the skin of the eyelid. The skin may droop over the edge of the eyelid. |
| Labyrinthitis | Infection/inflammation of the labyrinth or inner ear, specifically the 3 semicircular canals in the inner ear. |
| Myringoplasty | Surgical repair of the tympanic membrane with a tissue graft after a spontaneous rupture that results in hearig loss. AKA: Tympanoplasty |
| Myringotomy | Surgical incision into the eardrum.This procedure is performed to relieve pressure or release fluid frm the middle ear. AKA: Tympanotomy |
| Tinnitus | A ringing or tinkling noise heard in the ears.May be a sign of injury to the ear, some disease process, or toxic leels of some medications from prolonged use. |
| Serous Otitis Media | A collection of clear fluid in the middle ear that may follow acute otitis media or be due to an obstructioon of the eustachian tube. |
| Audiometry | The process of measring how well an individual hears various frequencies of sound wavesa |
| Presbycusis | Loss of hearing due to he natural aging process. |
| Chalazion | A cyst or nodule on the eyelid resulting from an obstruction of a meibomian gland, which is responsible for lubricating the margin of the eyelid. |
| Corneal Abrasion | A disruption of the cornea's surface epihelium commonly caused by an eyelash,small foreign body, contact lenses, or a scratch from a fingernail. |
| Otoscopy | The use of an otoscope to view and examine the tympanic membrane and various parts of the outer ear. |
| Meniere's Disease | Chronic inner ear disease in which there is an overaccumulation of endolymph (fluid in the labyrinth characterized by recurring episodes of dizziness (vertigo), hearing loss, feeling of pressure or fullness in the affected ear, and tinnitus). |
| Acute Conjunctivitis | Inflammation of the mucous membrane lining theeyelids and covering the front part of the eyeball |
| Diabetic Retiopathy | Occurs as a consequence of long term or poorly controlled dabetic mellitus in which the tissues of he retina experience scarring due abnormal dilation & constriction of vessels, hemorrhages, microaneurysm, abnorma formation of new vessels. |
| Otosclerosis | A condition in which the footplate of the stapes becomes immobile and secured to the oval window, resulting in haring loss. |
| Otoplasty | Removal of a portion of ear crtilage to bring the pinna and auricle nearer the head. |
| Sensorineural Deafness | Hearing loss caused by the inability of nerve stimuli to be deliveredto the brain from the inner ear due to damage to the auditory nerve or the cochlea or to lesions of the 8th cranial nerve (auditory nrve). |
| Conductive Deafness | Hearing loss caused by the breakdown of the transmission of sound waves through the middle and/or external ear |
| Cornea | Outermost, transparent layer beneath the conjunctiva. Covers the iris. |
| Pupil | Black circle at th center, which controls the amount of light entering the eye. |
| Iris | Colored portion of the eye |
| Lens | Focuses the image of object on the retina. Located behind the iris. |
| Retina | Nerve cell layer which changes the image into nerve impulses |
| Ciliaru Muscle | Controls the shape of the eye |
| Optic Nerve | Transmits information from the retina t the brain for interpretation |
| Hyperopia | A refractive erro in which the lens of the eye cannot focus o an image accurately, resulting in impaired close vision that is blurred due to the light rays being focused behind the retina because the eyeball is shorter than normal |
| Myopia | A refractive error in whih the lens of the eye cannot focus on an image accurately resulting in impaired distant vision that is blurred due to thelight rays being focused in front of the retina because the eyeball is longer than normal. |
| Presbyopia | A refractive erroroccurring after the age of 40, when the lens of the eye(s) cannot focus on an image accurately due to its decreasing loss of elasticity |
| Astigmatism | Arefractive errorcausing light rays entering te eyeto be focused irregularly on the retina due to an abnormally shaped cornea or lens |
| Hordeolum | Bacterial infection of an eyelash follicle or sebaceous gland originatig with redness, swelling, and mild tenderness in the margin of the eyelash. |
| Pterygim | An irregular growth developing as a fold in the conjunctiva, usually on the nasal side of the cornea, that can disrupt vision if it extends over th pupil |
| Glaucoma | Ocular disorders identified as a group due to the increase in intraocular pressure. |
| Nystagmus | Involuntary, rhythmic jerking movement of the eye. |
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